低温贮藏对蝴蝶兰花粉活力的影响  

Effects of Low-temperature Preservation on the Vitality of Phalaenopsis Pollen

作　　者：王世尧 张果 冯建 杨书才 杨录军 王俊 WANG Shiyao;ZHANG Guo;FENG Jian;YANG Shucai;YANG Lujun;WANG Jun(Zhengzhou Academy of Agricutural Science and Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 450005,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市农业科技研究院,河南郑州450005

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第3期64-69,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(No.232102111101);河南省林木种质资源建设项目(No.豫财环资[2023]60号)。

摘　　要：为解决蝴蝶兰种质应用时空不遇的问题,筛选适宜的蝴蝶兰花粉块低温贮藏条件,为其杂交育种及种质资源保存提供技术支撑。以蝴蝶兰品种小斑马、郑农火凤凰的新鲜花粉块为试材,观察不同贮藏温度下的花粉块形态特征,采用TTC染色法和授粉结实法对其花粉活力进行测定。结果表明,25和4℃处理下蝴蝶兰的花粉于15~30 d后失去活性。贮藏360 d于室温自然化冻后,-20和-80℃处理下的花粉块较于新鲜花粉块表面颜色加深、质地更硬、体积变大。TTC法染色结果显示:-20℃<-80℃≤新鲜花粉块。授粉结实率与TTC检测结果基本一致,-20℃贮藏的花粉块均不能正常结实,郑农火凤凰的花粉块在-80℃贮藏360 d后与对照相比能正常结实,且果荚发育良好;小斑马的花粉块在-80℃贮藏360 d后亦能结实,但与对照相比结实率较低且果荚发育异常,种子量少。To solve the problem of the application of Phalaenopsis germplasm in time and space,the suitable low-temperat-ure storage conditions for Phalaenopsis pollen were screened,which provided technical support for hybrid breeding and germplasm conservation.The fresh pollen of Phalaenopsis‘Xiaobanma’and‘Zhengnong Huofenghuang’was used as test materials to observe the morphological characteristics of pollen under different storage temperatures,and the pollen viability was determined via TTC staining,pollination,and fruiting methods.The results indicated that after being treated at 25 and℃4,the pollen of℃Phalaenopsis lost its viability after 15~30 days.After 360 days of storage and natural freezing at room temperature,the pollen treated at-20 and-80 had a darker surface color,harder texture,and larger volume than fresh℃℃pollen.TTC staining results indicated-20℃<-80℃≤fresh pollen.The pollination seed setting rate was basically consistent with the TTC test results.The pollen stored at-20 could not set seed regularly.The pollen of‘Zhengnonghuofe℃nghuang’could set seed regularly after 360 days of storage at-80 compared with the control,and the capsule developed well.The℃pollen of‘Xiaobanma’could also set seed after 360 days of storage at-80,but compared with the control,the seed setting℃rate was lower,the capsule development was abnormal,and the seed quantity was lower.

关 键 词：蝴蝶兰 杂交育种 种质资源 花粉活力 低温贮藏 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]