土壤渗透性变化对城市暴雨内涝积水过程影响研究:以长春市南关区为例  

Study on the effect of soil permeability changes on the process of urban storm waterlogging during heavy rainfalls:A case study of Nanguan District,Changchun City

作　　者：陈鹏 梁馨月 孙滢悦[1] CHEN Peng;LIANG Xinyue;SUN Yingyue(College of Geographic Science and Tourism,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《水利水电技术(中英文)》2025年第3期87-97,共11页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20220434KJ,JJKH20230503KJ);国家自然科学基金项目(41501557)。

摘　　要：【目的】为减缓或抑制城市暴雨内涝的严重程度,明确土壤渗透性变化对城市暴雨内涝的抑制作用,达到减缓或抑制城市暴雨内涝的目的,【方法】采用水文和水动力学方法、下渗系数计算、情景设定等方法,综合构建城市暴雨内涝数值模型、下渗量模型,明确了不同植被覆盖度对城市下垫面积水深度、面积、积水量和积水时间等要素的影响。【结果】结果显示:从积水深度来看,情景1中最大与最小积水深度分别为1.30 m、0.10 m,情景2中最大与最小积水深度为0.95 m、0.05 m,情景3中最大与最小积水深度为0.35 m、0.01 m;从积水面积来看,情景1、情景2、情景3中积水面积分别为28.96 km^(2)、14.40 km^(2)、4.16 km^(2);从积水量来看,3种情景中研究区的积水量减少率会随着时间雨量增加而降低,其差也随着时间雨量的增加而变小;从研究区积水水位来看,最大积水水位因植被覆盖度的增加而减少,且减少率在5%~20%左右波动,但整体变化不大;从研究区积水延迟时间来看,情景1和情景3中最大平均积水水位出现的时间差为60 min。【结论】增加城市植被覆盖率可以有效地减缓城市暴雨内涝严重程度。研究结果不仅可为城市绿地合理规划提供参考,还可为政府应急部门开展救援工作提供决策依据。[Objective]With the goal of mitigating or inhibiting the severity of urban storm waterlogging,the inhibitory effect of soil permeability changes on urban storm waterlogging is studied.[Methods]Hydrological and hydrodynamic methods,infiltration Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Vol.56 No.3 coefficient calculation,and scenario setting were used to comprehensively construct the urban rainstorm waterlogging numerical model and infiltration volume model.The effects of different levels of vegetation coverage on factors such as depth,area,volume,and duration of waterlogging on the urban subsurface were investigated.[Results]The results showed that:in terms of waterlogging water depth,in Scenario 1,the maximum and minimum water depths were 1.30 m and 0.10 m,respectively.In Scenario 2,the maximum and minimum water depths were 0.95 m and 0.05 m,respectively.In Scenario 3,the maximum and minimum water depths were 0.35 m and 0.01 m,respectively.As for waterlogged area,the areas in Scenario 1,Scenario 2,and Scenario 3 were 28.96 km^(2),14.40 km^(2),and 4.16 km^(2),respectively.In terms of water volume,the reduction rate of water volume in the study area decreased as the rainfall intensity increased,and the difference decreased with the increase in rainfall intensity.In terms of water level in the study area,the maximum water level decreased due to the increase of vegetation coverage,with the reduction rate fluctuating between 5%and 20%,but the overall change was minor.In terms of waterlogging delay time in the study area,the time difference for the maximum average water level in Scenario 1 and Scenario 3 were 60 minutes.[Conclusion]Increasing urban vegetation coverage can effectively mitigate the severity of urban storm waterlogging.The results of this study not only serve as a reference for the rational planning of urban green spaces,but also provide a decision-making basis for the government emergency departments in their disaster response efforts.

关 键 词：内涝灾害 抑制作用 植被覆盖 土壤渗透性 数值模拟 降雨 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]