粒子群算法与有限元融合驱动的薄壁复合材料构件支撑布局优化  

Optimization of Support Layout of Thin-Walled Composite Components Driven by Particle Swarm Optimization and Finite Element Fusion

作　　者：王福吉[1,2,3] 何青松 付饶[1,2,3] 邓俊 林永权[1,2,3] 马兴 WANG Fuji;HE Qingsong;FU Rao;DENG Jun;LIN Yongquan;MA Xing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Key Laboratory of High-Performance Manufacturing for Advanced Composite Materials,Liaoning Province,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024 [2]大连理工大学高性能精密制造全国重点实验室,大连116024 [3]大连理工大学辽宁省先进复合材料高性能制造重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2025年第6期40-47,共8页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702803);大连市顶尖及领军人才项目(2021RD08);大连市科技创新基金(2022JJ12GX027)。

摘　　要：薄壁复合材料构件的支撑布局设计是抑制其加工振动及变形的重要方法,但多数支撑布局的优化过程中只考虑单一的振动或变形,并且忽略了吸盘吸附对工件的影响,与实际工况有较大偏差。本文提出一种粒子群算法和有限元融合驱动的薄壁构件支撑布局优化方法,综合考虑了工件吸附变形、支撑后工件固有频率与刀具激励频率有效分离、额外辅助支撑等因素,能够在保证最大变形量满足要求的前提下实现支撑点数量及位置的优化。首先逐次在最大变形处增加支撑点直至满足变形要求,再在易产生共振的固有频率所对应振型的最大振幅处增加支撑点,直到满足频率要求,然后利用优化算法找到最小支撑点数量并进行最小支撑点数量下的支撑布局优化,最后开发了基于Abaqus和粒子群算法的支撑布局优化模块,进行了构件优化计算和试验验证。结果表明,该方法能够在保证频率及变形要求的前提下,有效减少支撑点数量。The design of support layout for thin-walled composite components is an important method to suppress the vibration and deformation of their processing.However,most of the support layout optimization process only considers single vibration or deformation,and ignores influence of suction cup adsorption on the workpiece,which causes deviations from the actual working conditions.In this paper,a particle swarm optimization algorithm+finite element fusion-driven optimization method for support layout of the thin-walled components is proposed,which comprehensively considers adsorption deformation of the workpiece,effective separation of natural frequency of the workpiece and excitation frequency of the tool after supporting,and the additional auxiliary support,so as to optimize numbers and positions of the support points on the premise that the maximum deformation meets the requirements.Firstly,the support points were increased successively at the maximum deformation until the deformation requirements were met,then the support points were increased at the maximum amplitude of the vibration mode corresponding to the natural frequency that was easy to generate resonance,until the frequency requirements were met,thereafter the optimization algorithm was used to find the minimum number of support points and optimize the support layout on this basis.The results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce numbers of support points on the premise of ensuring the frequency and deformation requirements.

关 键 词：薄壁构件 支撑布局优化 有限元 粒子群算法 变形 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]