引黄济青工程渠首段浮游细菌群落结构与多样性研究  

Study on Structure and Diversity of Planktonic Bacterial Communities in Headwork of Water Diversion Project from Yellow River to Qingdao

作　　者：徐洪庆 卢昊宇 陈建锋 徐欣 赵凌云 宋志文[2] 白萍萍 XU Hong-qing;LU Hao-yu;CHEN Jian-feng;XU Xin;ZHAO Ling-yun;SONG Zhi-wen;BAI Ping-ping(Qingdao Branch,Operation&Maintenance Center of Shandong Provincial Water Diversion Project,Qingdao,Shandong 266111,China;School of Environmental&Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266520,China;Operation&Maintenance Center of Shandong Provincial Water Diversion Project,Ji’nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省调水工程运行维护中心青岛分中心,山东青岛266111 [2]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266520 [3]山东省调水工程运行维护中心,济南250100

出　　处：《四川环境》2025年第2期70-78,共9页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：山东省调水工程运行维护中心资助项目(B2-2024-0111)。

摘　　要：浮游细菌是淡水生态系统的基本组成部分,在物质循环和能量流动方面发挥重要作用。以引黄济青工程渠首段为研究对象,采用16S rRNA高通量测序方法分析长江水与黄河水汇水前后浮游细菌群落结构组成与多样性。结果表明,引黄济青工程渠首段调水期黄河水浮游细菌群落丰富度和多样性较高,经沉沙池后丰富度和多样性指数由高变低,汇水后丰富度和多样性指数进一步降低。双水源工况下小清河分洪道子槽浮游细菌群落结构与黄河水相似,单水源工况下与南水北调水相似。优势菌门为变形菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、蓝藻门、厚壁菌门和疣微菌门。双水源工况下汇水前黄河水菌门差异较小,汇水后数量降低;单水源工况下沿干渠黄河水变形菌门相对丰度降低;双水源工况下相对丰度较高的菌属为hgcI_clade、黄杆菌属、Limnohabitans、Perlucidibaca和红育菌属,单水源工况下为hgcI_clade、鱼孢菌科未分类和多核杆菌属。FAPROTAX功能预测发现,浮游细菌功能主要为化能异养、需氧化能异养、动物寄生菌或共生体、人类病原体、人类肺炎致病菌等。As a basic component of freshwater ecosystems,planktonic bacteria play a crucial role in material cycling and energy flow.Taking the headwork of the Yellow River to Qingdao Water Diversion Project(YRQWP)as a research object,the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the composition and diversity of planktonic bacterial communities before and after the confluence of the Yangtze River and Yellow River water.The results showed that the abundance and diversity of the planktonic bacterial community in the Yellow River was higher during the transfer period of the YRQWP headwork.After treatment with the sedimentation tank,the abundance and diversity indices of the planktonic bacterial communities decreased,and further declined after dual-source water confluence.The bacterial community structure of the sub-slots of the Xiaoqing River floodway was similar to that of the Yellow River water under the dual source condition,while under the single source condition,it was similar to that of the Yangtze River water.The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Bacteroidota,Cyanobacteria,Firmicutes,and Verrucomicrobiota.Under the dual-source condition,the difference of the phyla in the Yellow River water was small before the confluence,and the number of phyla was reduced after the confluence.Under the single-source condition,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria gradually decreased along the canal.Genera with higher relative abundance under the dual water source condition included hgcI_clade,Flavobacterium,Limnohabitans,Perlucidibaca,and Rhodoferax,and genera with higher relative abundance under the single water source condition included hgcI_clade,unclassified_f_Sporichthyaceae and Polynucleobacter.FAPROTAX functional prediction revealed that bacteria function mainly included chemoheterotrophy,aerobic chemoheterotrophy,animal parasites or symbionts,human pathogens and human pathogens pneumonia.

关 键 词：引黄济青工程 渠首 浮游细菌 细菌群落结构 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]