司法确认制度的实践探索、理论争点和完善路径  

Practical Exploration,Theoretical Controversies and Improvement Paths of the Judicial Confirmation System

作　　者：景光强 Jing Guangqiang

机构地区：[1]最高人民法院研究室综合调研处

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2025年第2期166-181,共16页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

摘　　要：在最高人民法院的积极推动下,司法确认制度设计渐趋定型、工作机制渐趋完善、适用范围渐次扩大,在加强诉调对接、推进矛盾纠纷多元化解等方面发挥了重要作用。随着实践的发展和研究的深入,有关制度规定和工作机制出现了不相适应的问题,亟须加以改革完善。在制度供给方面,修改《民事诉讼法》相关规定,制定统一的司法解释,对司法确认启动、管辖、审查、效力、救济等作出系统全面规定,整合、统一现有司法确认规则;在工作机制方面,完善司法确认与调解、诉讼、执行等程序衔接机制,健全考核激励、虚假诉讼防范等配套机制,促推司法确认制度效能充分释放;做优做强诉前调解,培育成熟完善的多元调解组织,探索推行调解前置,进一步拓宽司法确认制度空间。Under the active promotion of the Supreme People's Court,the system design of judicial confirmation has gradually taken shape,the working mechanism has been gradually improved,and the scope of application has been gradually expanded.It has played an important role in strengthening the connection between litigation and mediation and promoting the diversified resolution of disputes.With the development of practice and the deepening of research,problems of inadaptability have emerged in relevant institutional regulations and working mechanisms,which urgently need to be reformed and improved.In terms of institutional supply,amend the relevant provisions of the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as the Civil Procedure Law),formulate unified judicial interpretations,and make systematic and comprehensive provisions on the initiation,jurisdiction,review,validity,and relief of judicial confirmation,integrating and unifying the existing judicial confirmation rules.In terms of the working mechanism,improve the connection mechanism between judicial confirmation and procedures such as mediation,litigation,and enforcement,and improve supporting mechanisms such as assessment and incentive,and prevention of false litigation,so as to fully release the effectiveness of the judicial confirmation system.Optimize and strengthen pre-litigation mediation,cultivate mature and perfect diversified mediation organizations,explore the implementation of pre-mediation,and further expand the space for the judicial confirmation system.

关 键 词：司法确认 多元化纠纷解决机制 诉调对接 诉前调解 调解组织 调解前置 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]