我国化学基础学科教育与人才培养现状、问题与建议——基于1.97余万份问卷的调查  

Current Situation,Problems and Suggestions of Chemistry Education and Talent Cultivation in China--Based on a survey of over 19,700 questionnaires

作　　者：袁秀 朱亚先 张树永[3] 彭晴晴[4] 郑兰荪 YUAN Xiu;ZHU Ya-xian;ZHANG Shu-yong;PENG Qing-qing;ZHENG Lan-sun(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Xiamen University;Shandong University;Bureau of Academic Divisions,Chinese Academy of Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 [2]厦门大学化学化工学院 [3]山东大学化学与化工学院 [4]中国科学院学部工作局

出　　处：《科学与社会》2025年第1期28-43,共16页Science and Society

基　　金：中国科学院学部重大咨询项目“我国数理化基础学科教育若干重大问题研究”(E102021901)。

摘　　要：我国化学人才培养根基雄厚,专业设置多元,拔尖体系完备,竞赛平台丰富,学科支撑强劲,但仍面临创新人才后劲不足的挑战。为深入剖析我国化学人才培养的现状,应对化学人才培养面临的问题与挑战,本项目开展了全国范围的网络调查,有1.97余万来自中学、大学及学术机构的相关从业者参与了本次调查。研究发现,我国还存在对化学学科重视不足、公众认知偏差、实验教学支撑不足、学生选拔机制不畅等问题。建议强化化学素养教育、加大科普宣传、改善实验教学、规范中学教学、优化学生选拔机制、健全基地管理与评价、完善教师培训、深化高校教改,以提升化学人才培养质量,更好地满足国家战略需求。China has a solid foundation in chemical talent cultivation,with diverse professional settings,a complete top-notch system,abundant competition platforms,and strong disciplinary support.However,it still faces the challenge of insufficient innovation potential among talents.To deeply analyze the current situation of chemical talent cultivation in China and the problems and challenges in improving the quality of chemical talent cultivation,a nationwide online survey was carried out,with 19,700 practitioners from middle schools,universities,and academic institutions participating in this survey.The survey shows that there are still some challenges in China,such as insufficient attention to the chemistry discipline,public perception bias,lack of experimental teaching,and an inefficient student selection mechanism.To address these challenges,it is necessary to strengthen chemical literacy education,increase chemistry popularization,improve experimental teaching,standardize middle school teaching,optimize the student selection mechanism,improve the management and evaluation of bases,perfect teacher training,and deepen the teaching reform in colleges and universities,so as to enhance the quality of chemical talent cultivation and better meet the requirements of national strategies.

关 键 词：化学人才 培养问题 政策建议 问卷调查 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] G322.9