中立帮助行为可罚性的教义学重构——以网络服务提供者刑事责任为切入点  

The Doctrinal Reconstruction of the Criminal Liabilities of Neutral Assistance--Starting from the Criminal Responsibility of Network Service Providers

作　　者：肖宸彰 Xiao Chenzhang

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2025年第2期98-111,共14页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：中立帮助行为中的“中立”与“帮助”均系对行为的事实评价而非刑法评价。经刑法评价后,根据具体情形下行为中立性与帮助性的大小,可将行为定性为犯罪帮助行为或中立行为,进而区分其可罚性。社会相当性理论与中立帮助行为具有天然契合性,可以依据社会相当性理论对中立帮助行为的可罚性进行判断。通过对行为的主观方面与客观方面的分析,将符合社会相当性主观标准与客观标准的行为排除在可罚的帮助行为之外。对网络服务提供者的提供行为,不能简单地以中立帮助行为为由排除犯罪之成立,而是需要根据中立帮助行为的判断原则,并结合网络服务提供者的行为类型进行具体分析。The terms"neutral"and"assistance"in neutral assistance behavior are both factual evaluations of behavior,rather than legal evaluations.After legal evaluation,based on the degree of neutrality and helpfulness in specific circumstances,behavior can be categorized as either criminal assistance behavior or neutral behavior,thereby distinguishing its potential for punishment.The social equivalence theory is inherently compatible with neutral assistance behavior and can be used to assess the punishability of neutral assistance behavior according to the social equivalence theory.By analyzing both the subjective and objective aspects of behavior,actions that meet the subjective and objective standards of social equivalence are excluded from punishable assistance behavior.Concerning the actions of internet service providers,the establishment of a crime cannot simply be ruled out on the grounds of neutral assistance behavior;instead,a specific analysis should be conducted based on the principles of neutral assistance behavior and the behavior types of internet service providers.

关 键 词：中立帮助行为 社会相当性 网络服务提供者 避风港原则 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]