儿童青少年身体活动观察工具的特征问题与启示  

Characteristics and implications of observation tools for physical activity among children and adolescents

作　　者：邱艳平 王丽娟 齐静 陈欢 郑南 李晓庆 QIU Yanping;WANG Lijuan;QI Jing;CHEN Huan;ZHENG Nan;LI Xiaoqing(School of Physical Education,Shanghai Sports University,Shanghai(200438),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学体育教育学院,上海200438 [2]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院 [3]董李凤美康健学校

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2025年第3期310-314,320,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BTY048);上海体育大学博士研究生自主科研创新计划项目(YJSCX-2024-008)。

摘　　要：为分析身体活动观察工具的特征、问题与启示,为研究者快捷准确选择适宜的观察工具评估儿童青少年身体活动提供参考。在中国知网、万方、维普、Web of Science、PubMed、Medline、ERIC、SPORTDiscus 8个中英文数据库进行儿童青少年身体活动观察工具文献检索,最终纳入8种儿童青少年身体活动观察工具。通过对工具总结与比较,发现工具的应用覆盖多个年龄段、观察指标涵盖多维且各有侧重、适用环境特定信息各异、记录方式趋向定量记录。但在实际应用中,仍暴露出亟待解决的问题:一是观察指标有待补充与完善;二是社区环境和学科课堂中的身体活动有待关注;三是活动强度有待科学评判;四是观察记录方法有待融合与创新;五是观察对象人数有待扩充与增加。未来研究可着手于研发针对中国儿童青少年特点的身体活动观察工具,同时借鉴国外观察工具,以全面评估儿童青少年身体活动。To analyzes the characteristics,problems and enlightenment of physical activity observation tools,so as to provide reference for researchers to quickly and accurately choose appropriate observation tools to evaluate children's and adolescents'physical activity.Literature search is conducted in eight databases of Chinese and English,including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Web of Science,PubMed,Medline,ERIC,and SPORTDiscus.Ultimately,eight observation tools for assessing physical activity in children and adolescents are included.Through summarization and comparison,it is found that the applications of those tools cover multiple age groups,the observation indicators cover multiple dimensions for each with varying emphases,and the applicable contexts vary in their specific background information,and recording methods tend to be quantitative.However,several issues remain to be addressed in practical applications.First,the observation indicators need to be supplemented and improved;second,physical activity in community environments and academic classrooms requires further attention;third,physical activity intensity needs to be scientifically evaluated;fourth,observation and recording methods need to be integrated and innovated;fifth,the number of observation subjects needs to be expanded.Future research could focus on developing observation tools tailored to the characteristics of Chinese children and adolescents,while drawing on foreign observation tools to comprehensively assess physical activity among children and adolescents.

关 键 词：运动活动 数据库 文献型 量表 儿童 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G806[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]