深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康知识信念行为及相关因素分析  

Status and related factors of knowledge,attitude and practice of vision health among young children's parents in Bao'an District,Shenzhen City

作　　者：王春丽 简洁 张蔚 何颖欣 张羽 张东枚 WANG Chunli;JIAN Jie;ZHANG Wei;HE Yingxin;ZHANG Yu;ZHANG Dongmei(Department of Health Management,Shenzhen Bao'an District Public Health Service Center,Shenzhen(518000),Guangdong Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心健康管理科,广东518000 [2]广东药科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2025年第3期343-347,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2024年度广东省哲学社会科学规划一般项目(GD24CGL29);广东省医学科研基金项目(B2022337)。

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康知识、信念、行为(KAP)情况及其影响因素,为进一步控制近视、促进儿童视力健康提供参考依据。方法2024年5月16—26日,采取分层整群随机抽样方法,对深圳市宝安区某街道41所托幼机构7666名幼儿父母开展在线问卷调查,采用t检验、方差分析与多元线性回归分析幼儿父母视力健康KAP的相关因素。结果父母视力健康知识、信念、行为及其总体的合格率分别为25.10%,98.49%,71.18%,58.26%。多元线性回归分析结果显示,幼儿父母视力情况为仅父亲近视、仅母亲近视、父母均近视相较父母均不近视,以及幼儿就读于小班、中班、大班和学前班相较托班的幼儿父母视力健康KAP标化得分均较高(β值分别为0.08,0.11,0.16,0.17,0.16,0.16,0.05),幼儿近视、不清楚幼儿视力情况和不清楚自身视力情况的幼儿父母KAP标化得分较低(β值分别为-0.02,-0.04,-0.05)(P值均<0.05)。结论深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康态度积极,但知识及行为较欠缺。应针对性地传播科学的儿童视力保健知识与观念,对幼儿父母加强视力健康知识指导。Objective To understand the status and related factors of knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)on vision health among young children's parents in Bao'an District,Shenzhen,so as to provide reference for further controlling myopia and promoting children's visual health.Methods From May 16th to 26th,2024,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 7666 parents of kindergarten children across 41 kindergartens in a street of Bao'an District,Shenzhen.The t-test,variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of KAP on vision health among children's parents.Results The pass rates of parental vision KAP and overall assessment were 25.10%,98.49%,71.18%and 58.26%,respectively.The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that only fathers with myopia,only mothers with myopia,both parents with myopia,children in the bottom classes,middle classes,senior classes,and pre-school had higher standardized scores for KAP on vision health among parents(β=0.08,0.11,0.16,0.17,0.16,0.16,0.05,P<0.05),compared to both parents without myopia and children in daycare classes.Parents of young children with myopia,and who didn't know their children's visual acuity and their own visual acuity had a lower KAP standardized scores(β=-0.02,-0.04,-0.05,P<0.05).Conclusions Young children's parents in Bao'an District hold a positive attitude towards vision health,but are lack of knowledge and practice.It is imperative to transmit accurate information and concepts about children's vision health to parents in a targeted manner.In particular,knowledge and guidance should be strengthened for children's parents.

关 键 词：视力 低 健康知识 态度 实践 回归分析 法定监护人 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R770.421[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G78[文化科学—教育学]