地表覆盖变化和人类活动对上海郊区地表能量平衡影响的模拟评估  

Assessing the impact of land cover changes and human activities on simulated surface energy balance in suburban Shanghai

作　　者：王正大 敖翔宇[2,3] 支星 徐相明 WANG Zhengda;AO Xiangyu;ZHI Xing;XU Xiangming(Fengxian District of Shanghai Meteorological Service,Shanghai 201416,China;Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration,Shanghai 200030,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health,Shanghai 200030,China;Shanghai Meteorological Service,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区气象局,上海201416 [2]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030 [3]上海市气象与健康重点实验室,上海200030 [4]上海市气象局,上海200030

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2025年第1期22-34,共13页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42005077、U214220076);上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1456700)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用上海郊区奉贤夏季地表能量平衡观测资料,检验了城市陆面模式(Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme,SUEWS)的适用性及对地表覆盖变化和人类活动的敏感性。结果表明:SUEWS模式能较好再现辐射通量的日变化趋势,且能较好模拟感热通量和潜热通量日变化及量级。通过对比夏季较干燥和较潮湿月份平均波文比发现较干燥月份波文比(0.74)接近较潮湿月份(0.40)的2倍,表明空气湿度对湍流热通量有显著影响。通过多组下垫面覆盖敏感性试验发现,相对于树林而言,SUEWS模拟的感热通量和潜热通量对草地面积更为敏感,当自然地表覆盖率一定时,草地面积增大,表现为波文比的明显减小。当人口密度增大时,模拟的人为热通量明显增加,导致模拟的感热通量和波文比的明显增大。Based on the observation data of radiation and heat flux during summer in Fengxian,a suburban area in Shanghai,Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme(SUEWS)and its sensitivity to surface cover and human activities were evaluated.The results indicated that the model can well reproduce the diurnal variation of radiation flux,and can simulate the diurnal variation and magnitude of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux well.By comparing the average Bowen ratio of dry and wet months in summer,it is found that the Bowen ratio of dry months(0.74)is close to twice that of wet months(0.40),indicating that air humidity has a significant impact on heat fluxes.The sensitivity tests of several groups of underlying surface coverage show that compared with trees,sensible heat flux and latent heat flux simulated by SUEWS are more sensitive to grass area.When the natural surface coverage is constant,the Bowen ratio decreases significantly with the increase in grass area.When the population density increases,the simulated anthropogenic heat flux significantly increases,resulting in a significant increase in the simulated sensible heat flux and Bowen ratio.

关 键 词：城市地表能量平衡模式 地表覆盖变化 波文比 上海郊区 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]