仿甲虫微型扑翼飞行器研制  

Development of Beetle-shaped Micro-flapping-wing Aircraft

作　　者：毛致远 沈欢 智怡 吉爱红[1] MAO Zhiyuan;SHEN Huan;ZHI Yi;JI Aihong(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《机械制造与自动化》2025年第2期117-124,共8页Machine Building & Automation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51875281)。

摘　　要：仿昆虫微型扑翼飞行器通过对昆虫的飞行方式模仿,具有隐蔽性高、可以悬停飞行等特点,可以在狭小场所及室外复杂环境中作业,应用场景广泛。设计一款仿独角仙扑翼飞行器,总质量为28 g,翼展12 cm,扑动幅度达188°。扑动机构采用曲柄摇杆与滑轮结合的方式,实现了大扑动幅值;同时,机翼采用负扭转柔性翼型,提高机翼的气动效率。通过流体仿真确定具体的翼面参数与运动参数,获得相关的升力曲线。设计基于翼根改变的方向控制机构,并搭建实验平台验证飞行器的垂直起飞能力与俯仰滚转的姿态控制可行性。飞行实验表明:该飞行器具有良好的仿生性能,可为仿生扑翼飞行器的设计提供参考。Flapping-wing micro air vehicle imitating the flight mode of insects,characterized with high concealment and hovering,can work in narrow places and outdoor complex environment with a wide range of applications.A flapping wing aircraft imitating unicorn beetle with a total weight of 28 g,a wingspan of 12 cm and flapping amplitude of 188°is designed.The flapping mechanism adopts the combination of crank rocker and pulley to achieve large flapping amplitude,and the wing applies negative torsion flexible airfoil to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the wing.The specific wing parameters and motion parameters are determined by fluid simulation,and the relevant lift curves are obtained.A direction control mechanism based on wing root change is designed,and an experimental platform is built to verify the vertical take-off capability of the aircraft and the feasibility of attitude control of pitch roll.Test flights show that the designed aircraft has good bionic performance,a conducive reference for bionic flapping wing aircraft designing.

关 键 词：仿昆虫微型扑翼飞行器 结构设计 三维建模 飞行实验 

分 类 号：TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]