谷物摩擦系数机电一体化测量装置的设计与试验  

Design and experiments of the electro-mechanical integrated measurement device for a grain friction coefficient

作　　者：贾华坡 武文斌[1] 王雪峰[1,2] 李润林 JIA Huapo;WU Wenbin;WANG Xuefeng;LI Runlin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450064,China;Luanchuan Longyu Molybdenum Co.Ltd.,Luoyang 471500,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学机电工程学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州科技学院机械工程学院,郑州450064 [3]栾川龙宇钼业有限公司,洛阳471500

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第6期31-41,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项项目(222102110392);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A460024);郑州市科技攻关协同创新项目(31310064)。

摘　　要：针对当前谷物摩擦系数测量装置测定效率低及测量数据精度低的问题,该研究设计了一种谷物摩擦系数机电一体化测量装置及其测量方法。整合以往测量机构的优点,对摩擦系数测量装置进行结构改进,在基于斜面法的静、动摩擦系数测量机构之间增加了转盘收集仓和单粒下料机构,可实现静摩擦系数的多粒同时测量及收集不同倾斜角度下落的颗粒数,并结合对应的静摩擦系数值进行加权求平均值,得到更接近实际应用中谷物颗粒整体的静摩擦系数值,还可顺利切换为动摩擦系数的单粒测量,光电传感器用于判断静摩擦测量时谷物颗粒的滑动及动摩擦测量时下落的加速度和时间,测量过程中控制系统自动计算并显示静、动摩擦系数。搭建测量装置开展不同含水率(8.66%~20.06%)小麦在不锈钢板和白口铸铁板上摩擦系数测量试验,并将试验数据与以往文献数据进行对比。静摩擦系数测量时,随着平台角度平稳增加,在达到麦粒开始滑动临界角时,麦粒沿斜面落入下方转盘收集仓对应的扇形格中,单粒下料机构能够较好满足动摩擦系数的测量要求,且每次测量时屏幕上实时显示当前测量的静或动摩擦系数值。小麦含水率为8.66%~20.06%时,麦粒与两种接触材质的静、动摩擦系数均随着含水率的增加而增大,与不锈钢板间的静摩擦系数和动摩擦系数范围分别为0.338 5~0.424 9和0.154 1~0.223 2,与白口铸铁板间的静摩擦系数和动摩擦系数范围分别为0.385 7~0.488 0和0.162 2~0.254 1,与以往文献中公布数据的范围相近,变化趋势相同。结果表明该装置可实现谷物静、动摩擦系数的高效测量,有助于提升种植、收获和收获后处理/加工设备的设计水平和性能。A friction coefficient has been one of the most important indicators in the broad range of applications.The dynamic and static friction coefficients of grains can greatly contribute to the logistics,machine design,safety assessment,and process control in the agricultural and processing industries.The efficiency and accuracy of grain friction coefficients can indirectly influence the development cycle and the design of entire machines.However,conventional single-grain measurement cannot fully meet the large-scale production in recent years.These measurements of grain friction coefficients often rely predominantly on human eye readings,leading to the generally slow acquirement and inaccurate values.In this study,an electro-mechanical integrated device was presented to measure the grain friction coefficient.Structural optimization was also realized to incorporate the previous systems.A turntable collection bin and a single-grain feeding mechanism were introduced to switch the static and dynamic friction coefficient measurement systems using the inclined plane.This modification was used to realize the simultaneous measurement of the static friction coefficient of multiple grains,along with the collection of the number of grains falling at various inclined angles.Consequently,the corresponding static friction coefficient values were weighted and then averaged to yield a static friction coefficient that represented the overall grain particle in practical applications.A seamless transition was also realized for the single-grain dynamic friction coefficient measurements.A photoelectric sensor was employed to detect the sliding of grain particles during static friction measurements,as well as the acceleration and time of fall during dynamic friction measurements.The control system was utilized to automatically calculate and display both the static and dynamic friction coefficients.A measuring device was also constructed for the measurement.A series of experiments were conducted on the wheat with varying moisture contents(

关 键 词：谷物 静摩擦系数 动摩擦系数 机电一体化 测量装置 测量试验 

分 类 号：S126[农业科学—农业基础科学]