广西田东县大僚古代冶铁遗址初步考察  

Preliminary Study of Ancient Iron Smelting Site Found at Daliao Village,Tiandong County,Guangxi

作　　者：李凯旭 罗立书 黄全胜[1] LI Kaixu;LUO Lishu;HUANG Quansheng(Institute for History and Culture of Science and Technology,Southern China and Southeast Asian Center for Archaeometry and Cultural Conservation,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530006,China;Guangxi Polytechnic of Construction,Nanning 530007,China;Museum of Tiandong County,Baise 531500,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学科技史与科技文化研究院,中国南方和东南亚科技考古与文物保护研究中心,南宁530006 [2]广西建设职业技术学院,南宁530007 [3]广西田东县博物馆,广西百色531500

出　　处：《有色金属(冶炼部分)》2025年第5期237-244,共8页Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2024309);科技部基础资源调查专项(2022FY101505-02)。

摘　　要：大僚古代冶铁遗址位于广西百色市田东县印茶镇僚坤村,面积约500 m^(2),为2023年调查新见,遗存有炉渣、木炭等冶金遗物和早期陶片和宋明时期瓷片等伴随物。采用扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析(SEM-EDS)、X射线荧光光谱分析(ED-XRF)和金(矿)相分析等科技手段,对该遗址的15个冶金炉渣样品进行了基体成分检测和显微组织观察,利用加速器质谱仪(AMS)进行碳十四测年。结果表明,大僚遗址为炒钢遗址,炉渣样品均属铁硅钙系高铁渣;碳十四年代为330±20(BP),炒钢冶金活动至晚于明代中期开始。Daliao ancient iron smelting site,located at Liaokun village of Yincha town,Tiandong county in Baise city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,is a newly discovered ancient smelting site during a fieldwork in 2023,covering an area of approximately 500 m^(2).This site contains metallurgical relics such as slag and charcoal,as well as early ceramic fragments and porcelain pieces from the Song and Ming dynasties.A total of 15 slag samples of metallurgical relics collected from Daliao site were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer(SEM-EDS),energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(ED-XRF)and metallographic microscope,which can fulfill matrix composition detection and microstructure observation.Carbon-14 dating was performed by an accelerator mass spectrometer(AMS).The results indicate that the site is an ancient puddling steel smelting site,and its slags belong to the type of Fe-Si-Ca system with high iron content.Daliao site is dated back to 330±20(BP),and the metallurgical activities began no later than the middle of the Ming Dynasty due to AMS-14C result.

关 键 词：冶金考古 百色地区 炒钢 碳十四测年 明代 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]