10kg级立式水代提取核桃油设备的研发与应用  

Research and Application of 10 kg-grade Vertical Water Substitution Extraction Equipment for Walnut Oil

作　　者：李文玕 宁德鲁 刘润民 李志民 马婷 LI Wengan;NING Delu;LIU Runmin;LI Zhimin;MA Ting(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Yunnan Woody Oil Technology Innovation Center,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Yunnan Yunshang Purui Ziyi Walnut Industry Development Co.,Ltd.,Yangbi Yunnan 672500,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省木本油料技术创新中心,云南昆明650201 [3]云南云上普瑞紫衣核桃产业开发有限责任公司,云南漾濞672500

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2025年第2期32-37,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202402AE090031);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(云〔2024〕TG01号)。

摘　　要：以传统水代法为基础,自行研制出一款立式水代制取核桃油设备,并通过单因素试验设计探索该设备的最佳制油工艺,以期为生产提供指导。以深纹核桃仁为原料,运用自行研制的10 kg级立式水代提取核桃油设备,通过研究不同加水比例(12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%)、不同料浆温度(60、65、70、75℃)及不同搅拌时间(10、12、14、16、18 min)对核桃油提油效率的影响,进行单因素方差分析。结果显示:采用该设备提取核桃油,以加水比例12%的处理提油效率最高,达92.23%,显著高于加水比例为14%~18%的处理;料浆温度为65~75℃的处理提油效率均大于90%,但显著高于料温60℃的处理;搅拌时间10~18 min之间的处理,提油效率在89.57%~92.93%;在此提取工艺条件下,生产的核桃油不需精炼即可达到一级核桃油国家标准。研究结果表明:本项目自行研究开发的水代提取核桃油的立式设备,该提取工艺主要包括研磨-搅拌-加热-加水-油渣分离等部分组成,该设备结构简单、工艺快捷,为核桃油深加工提供参考。Based on the traditional aqueous extraction method,a vertical water-substitution walnut oil extraction device was independently developed.Through single-factor experiment design,the optimal oil extraction process for this device was explored to provide guidance for production.Using Deep-ridged Walnut kernels as raw materials and employing the independently developed 10 kg scale vertical water-substitution walnut oil extraction device,the study investigated the effects of different water addition ratios(12%to 18%),different slurry temperatures(60℃to 75℃),and different stirring times(10 min to 18 min)on the efficiency of walnut oil extraction.A single-factor variance analysis was conducted.The results showed that the highest oil extraction efficiency of 92.23%was achieved with a water addition ratio of 12%,which was significantly higher than that of the 14%to 18%water addition ratios.For slurry temperatures between 65℃to 75℃,the oil extraction efficiency was greater than 90%,but significantly higher than that at 60℃.The oil extraction efficiency ranged from 89.57%to 92.93%for stirring times between 10 to 18 minutes.Under these extraction conditions,the produced walnut oil met the national standard for first-grade walnut oil without the need for refining.The research indicates that the vertical water-substitution walnut oil extraction device developed in this project,which includes processes such as grinding,stirring,heating,water addition,and oil-residue separation,is simple in structure and rapid in process.It provides a reference for the deep processing of walnut oil.

关 键 词：核桃油 水代提取设备 提油率 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TS225.19[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] S664.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]