电动增压航空活塞发动机进排气系统设计研究  

Study and analysis of intake and exhaust system of electric turbocharged aviation piston engine

作　　者：王成东 魏民祥[1] 李冰林[2] 徐志欣 魏伊阳 WANG Chengdong;WEI Minxiang;LI Binglin;XU Zhixin;WEI Yiyang(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院,南京210016 [2]南京林业大学汽车与交通工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2025年第2期164-172,共9页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(SBE2022020047)。

摘　　要：针对无人机高空巡航动力性不足的问题,对某电动增压航空活塞发动机进排气系统进行了分析研究。建立了增压发动机一维仿真模型并进行了试验验证;为了提高发动机的进气均匀性,在进气系统中基于DoE(design of experiment)方法对进气稳压箱进行了优化改进,对比分析了改进前后进气稳压箱流场性能,流量测试结果表明:优化后的进气稳压箱最大可降低2.06 g/s的流量差异以及9.45%的进气不均匀度;为减小航空活塞发动机增压后导致的进排气短路损失,提出了排气背压阀控制策略,通过分析排气背压阀对发动机工作性能的影响得出排气背压阀开度控制MAP图,结果表明:全负荷工况下基于排气背压阀控制策略发动机在海拔7000 m时功率恢复至70.9%,比未加排气背压阀控制的发动机功率恢复效果提升了7%。Considering the problem of insufficient power of UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)in high-altitude cruising,the intake and exhaust system of an electric turbocharged aviation piston engine was analyzed and studied.A one-dimensional simulation model of the supercharged engine was established and verified by experiments.In order to improve the intake uniformity of the engine,the intake pressure stabilizer box was optimized based on the DoE(design of experiment)method in the intake system.The flow field performance of the intake pressure stabilizer box before and after optimization was compared and analyzed.The flow test results showed that:the optimized inlet pressure stabilizer can reduce the flow difference of 2.06 g/s and the inlet unevenness of 9.45%at most.In order to reduce the short-circuit loss of intake and exhaust caused by pressurization of aviation piston engine,the control strategy of exhaust back pressure valve was proposed.By analyzing the influence of exhaust back pressure valve on engine performance,the control MAP of exhaust back pressure valve opening was obtained.The results showed that:under full load condition,the power of the engine based on the control strategy of exhaust backpressure valve was restored to 70.9%at an altitude of 7000 m,which was 7%higher than that of the engine without exhaust backpressure valve control.

关 键 词：航空活塞发动机 电动增压 进气不均匀度 排气背压阀 功率恢复 

分 类 号：V234[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]