燃/滑油微小通道换热器封头结构的优化设计  

Optimization design of head structure of fuel/lubricating-oil micro-channel heat exchanger

作　　者：余智强 于喜奎[3] 魏凯 任亚涛[1,2] 何明键 齐宏 YU Zhiqiang;YU Xikui;WEI Kai;REN Yatao;HE Mingjian;QI Hong(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Limited,Shenyang 110035,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]空天热物理工业和信息部重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [3]中国航空工业集团有限公司沈阳飞机设计研究所,沈阳110035

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2025年第2期382-393,共12页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：中国广核集团-哈尔滨工业大学先进核能与新能源研究院项目(CGN-HIT202213);2022年度省重点研发计划项目(GY2022ZB0106)。

摘　　要：针对燃/滑油微小通道换热器的侧入式封头结构的流动特性开展研究,基于非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)构建了4个几何约束和2个目标函数优化模型,研究封头壳体形状、导流板位置、导流板俯仰角以及导流孔径大小对于封头内流量分配特性和压损的影响。建立样本空间,并基于响应面法建立几何约束与目标函数之间的函数关系;采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法展开全局搜索,得到不同工况的Pareto前沿和最优解候选点;对比分析候选点的综合特性,筛选出最佳结构。研究发现:压低封头结构纵深可以有效地抑制涡流、降低压损,添加导流结构可以改善流量分配特性,但会增加压损;封头结构参数对流量分配特性和压损的影响高于流速的影响,通过优化设计筛选了2种封头结构,对于不同工况都具有较好的适用性。The flow characteristics of side-entry head structure of fuel/lubricating-oil micro-channel heat exchanger were studied.Four geometric constraints and two objective function optimization models were constructed based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ).The effects of the shape of the head shell,the position and pitch of the baffle and the size of baffle aperture on the flow distribution characteristics and pressure loss in the header were studied.Firstly,the sample space was built,and the functional relationship between the geometric constraints and the objective function was established based on the response surface method.Then,the NSGA-Ⅱwas used to carry out a global search,and the Pareto front and optimal solution candidate points of different working conditions were obtained.Finally,the comprehensive characteristics of the candidate points were compared and analyzed to screen out the optimal structure.The results showed that the pressure loss can be effectively suppressed by lowering the header depth,and the flow distribution characteristics can be greatly improved by adding diversion structure,but at the expense of increasing the pressure loss.The effects of header structure parameters on flow distribution characteristics and pressure loss were higher than flow velocity.Two header structures were screened through multi-objective optimized design,showing good applicability to different working conditions.

关 键 词：微小通道换热器 侧入式封头 响应面 多目标优化 PARETO最优解 

分 类 号：V314[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]