基于历史数据的南海海表温度百年时空变化特征分析  

Characterization of 100-year temporal and spatial variations of sea surface temperature in the South China Sea based on historical data

作　　者：赵强 陶京 刘豪 刘东[2,3] 范伟 ZHAO Qiang;TAO Jing;LIU Hao;LIU Dong;FAN Wei(School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China;Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Wan Jiang New Industry Technology Development Center,Tongling 244000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽合肥230031 [3]皖江新兴产业技术发展中心,安徽铜陵244000

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2025年第2期304-311,共8页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2208085UQ01);国家自然科学基金项目(42105076,41005016);安徽省高校优秀科研创新团队(2022AH010018);安徽省气象探测装备工程技术研究中心开放基金(2023QXTC08)。

摘　　要：海表温度是海气相互作用最重要的因子,它在约束空气-海洋的湿热交换中起着关键作用。本文基于线性回归、经验正交函数分解、小波分析以及多重分形去趋势波动分析方法,研究了1923-2022年南海海表温度的时空变化情况。结果表明,南海近百年来海表温度整体呈上升趋势,但空间各处对海表升温的响应不同。经验正交函数分析表明,第一模态呈现全海盆升温的情况。第二模态和第三模态表明,南海海表温度呈东北-西南和西北-东南反向变化。小波分析得到南海海表温度变化为2年、3~4年的周期,并验证了其变化的趋势特性与季节特性。通过多重分形分析发现,南海海表温度变化具有较弱的长程自相关性,且在不同区域具有不同的多重分形性质。Sea surface temperature(SST)is the most important factor in ocean-atmosphere interaction,playing a crucial role in constraining the moist heat exchange between the air and the ocean.This study,based on linear regression,empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,wavelet analysis,and multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis(MFDFA),investigates the spatiotemporal variations of sea surface temperature in the South China Sea(SCS)from 1923 to 2022.The results indicate an overall increasing trend in SST over the past century,but with varying responses to the warming at different locations.EOF analysis reveals the first mode showing a basin-wide warming trend.The second and third modes indicate a northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast reversal in SST in the SCS.Wavelet analysis identifies periodicities of 2 years and 3-4 years in the SST changes,validating the trend characteristics and seasonal patterns.MFDFA suggests weak long-term autocorrelation in the SST changes,with different multifractal properties observed in different regions.

关 键 词：南海 海表温度 趋势 周期 多重分形 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]