1株鼠伤寒沙门菌噬菌体的生物学特性及其防制效果  

Biological characteristics and control effect of a Salmonella typhimurium bacteriophage

作　　者：宋奇珊 宋智婕 王晓乾 赵敏[2] 李璐璐[2] 刘玉庆[2] 赵宇军[1] SONG Qishan;SONG Zhijie;WANG Xiaoqian;ZHAO Min;LI Lulu;LIU Yuqing;ZHAO Yujun(College of Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong,Shanxi 030801,China;Sino-British Phage Engineering Joint Laboratory,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250000,China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物医学学院,山西晋中030801 [2]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所中英噬菌体工程联合实验室,山东济南250000 [3]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2025年第3期498-506,共9页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：中英噬菌体工程联合实验室资助项目(2023YFE0107600);山东省家禽产业技术体系资助项目(SDAIT-11-09);山东省农业科学院高层次引进人才资助项目(CXGC2022E10,CXGC2023F10);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2022QC028);济南市“新高校20条”资助项目(202228001)。

摘　　要：从污水中分离出1株沙门菌裂解性噬菌体PJN025,测定其生物学特性和全基因组序列,并评估其在动物感染模型中的治疗潜力。透射电镜观测结果显示,其属于Caudoviricetes科。PJN025仅裂解鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌,潜伏期约10 min,暴发期80 min,暴发量约为132 PFU/细胞,表明噬菌体能够高效杀菌;噬菌体的稳定性良好,在30~70℃之间和pH3~12范围内保持稳定。全基因组测序显示,该噬菌体基因组全长为46478 bp,G+C含量为45.9%,包含82个开放阅读框和1个tRNA,未检测到已知的毒力基因或耐药基因。使用足部注射的方式对大蜡螟幼虫进行鼠伤寒沙门菌的攻毒,48 h时细菌攻毒的阳性对照组的存活率是5%,使用1×10^(8)PFU/mL的PJN025噬菌体后,预防组的疗效最好,存活率可提高至70%;使用腹腔注射的方式对SPF小鼠进行鼠伤寒沙门菌的攻毒,5 d时细菌攻毒的阳性对照组中的小鼠全部死亡,使用1×10^(8)PFU/mL的PJN025噬菌体后,共感染组的疗效最好,存活率可提高至60%,表明噬菌体的使用能够提高受试动物的存活率。结果表明,噬菌体PJN025特异性强、裂解效率高、对酸碱耐受性较好、耐热性强,安全性和预防效果好,为后续噬菌体产品的研制提供了材料和实验基础。A Salmonella bacteriophage,PJN025,was isolated from wastewater and characterized for its biological properties,including whole-genome sequencing and assessment of therapeutic potential in animal infection models.Transmission electron microscopy classified it within the Caudoviricetes family.PJN025 selectively lysed S.typhimurium and S.enteritidis with an incubation period of approximately 10 min,a burst time of 80 min,and an average burst size of approximately132 PFU/cell,demonstrating effective bactericidal activity.The phage showed robust stability at temperatures ranging from 30 to 70℃and pH levels from 3 to 12.Whole-genome sequencing revealed a complete genome length of 46478 bp with a G+C content of 45.9%,consisting of 82 open reading frames and one tRNA.No known virulence or resistance genes were found.In Galleria mellonella infection model,a survival rate of 70%was achieved with a preventative dose of 1×10^(8)PFU/mL PJN025,compared to a 5%survival rate in the positive control group after 48 h of bacterial challenge.In SPF mice infected with S.typhimurium via intraperitoneal injection,all mices in the positive control group died within five days.However,in the co-infection group treated with 1×10^(8)PFU/mL PJN025,a promising survival rate of 60%was observed.This study showed that the bacteriophage PJN025 had strong specificity,high lytic efficiency,good acid and alkali tolerance,strong heat resistance,and good safety and prevention effects,providing materials and experimental basis for the development of subsequent phage products.

关 键 词：鼠伤寒沙门菌 噬菌体 生物学特性 基因组分析 生物防治 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]