长江三角洲湿地生态系统有机碳库现状研究  

Current status of organic carbon pool in the Yangtze River Delta wetland ecosystems

作　　者：李传良 邵学新[1] 刘恩俊 刘爽 吴明[1] Li Chuanliang;Shao Xuexin;Liu Enjun;Liu Shuang;Wu Ming(National Research Station of Hangzhou Bay Wetlands Ecosystem of Zhejiang Province,Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhenjiang,P.R.China;College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州湾湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,浙江杭州311400 [2]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《湿地科学》2025年第1期84-95,共12页Wetland Science

基　　金：中国林科院亚热带林业研究所科研项目(RISFZ-2023-01);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LTGS24C160001);浙江省-中国林科院林业科技合作项目(2021SY03)资助。

摘　　要：湿地生态系统碳汇功能强大,探究其碳库现状与固碳潜力对于缓解全球气候变暖具有重要意义。利用长江三角洲地区(简称长三角)第一次(1995—2003年)和第二次(2009—2013年)湿地资源调查数据,采用清单法研究了长三角湿地生态系统有机碳储量、空间分布特征及其碳汇潜力。结果表明,长三角湿地生态系统有机碳储量为487.52 Tg,其中土壤碳库、植被碳库和水体碳库分别为400.82 Tg、85.48 Tg和1.22 Tg,土壤和植被是湿地生态系统碳库的主要贡献者,二者占比高达99%以上;从湿地类型来看,有机碳密度最大的是沼泽湿地(139.54 t/hm^(2)),有机碳储量最大的是滨海湿地(168.02 Tg);长三角三省一市中,江苏省湿地有机碳储量最大(249.72 Tg),上海市最小(38.08 Tg)。前后两次湿地资源调查同口径数据比较,十年间长三角湿地面积增加了2257.22 km^(2),湿地碳储量增加了1.39 Tg。在实施生态修复工程的基础上,长三角湿地特别是滨海湿地具有很大的碳汇潜力。研究结果可为更好地评估长三角地区湿地生态系统的碳汇潜力、助力碳中和以及退化湿地生态恢复提供理论依据。Wetland ecosystems are powerful carbon sinks,and it is of great significance to investigate the current status of their carbon pools and carbon sequestration potentials to mitigate global warming.Using the data from the first and second wetland resource surveys in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD),the carbon stock,spatial distribution characteristics of the wetland ecosystems in the YRD and their carbon sink potentials were investigated using the inventory method.The findings revealed that,the organic carbon stock of the YRD wetland ecosystems totaled 487.52 Tg.This pool was predominantly comprised of the soil carbon pool(400.82 Tg)and the vegetation carbon pool(85.48 Tg),with minor contributions from the water body carbon pool(1.22 Tg).The soil and vegetation components accounted for over 99%of the wetland ecosystem's carbon pool.Among different wetland types,marsh wetlands exhibited the highest carbon density(139.54 t/hm^(2)),while coastal wetlands boasted the largest carbon stock(168.02 Tg).Among the three provinces and one city within the YRD region,Jiangsu Province had the largest organic carbon stock in wetlands(249.72 Tg),whereas Shanghai Municipality had the smallest(38.08 Tg).A comparison of the two surveys using consistent methodologies showed that the wetland area in the YRD had increased by 2257.22 km^(2) over the past decade,with a corresponding increase in wetland carbon stock of 1.39 Tg.Thanks to the implementation of ecological restoration projects,wetlands in the YRD,particularly coastal wetlands,demonstrate significant potential for carbon sequestration.These research findings provide a theoretical foundation for a more accurate assessment of the carbon sequestration potential of wetland ecosystems in the YRD region,thereby supporting carbon neutralization efforts and the ecological restoration of degraded wetlands.

关 键 词：长三角 湿地生态系统 碳储量 碳密度 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]