近40年红河流域(中国部分)水源涵养功能动态演变特征及驱动因素  

Characteristics and Drivers of the Dynamic Evolution of Water Conservation Function in the Honghe River Basin(China Section) in the Last 40 Years

作　　者：张洪波[1] 尹班 李春勇 崔松云[2,3] 和艳 李小红 邓丽仙[2,3] ZHANG Hongbo;YIN Ban;LI Chunyong;CUI Songyun;HE Yan;LI Xiaohong;DENG Lixian(College of Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,P.R.China;Kunming Branch of Yunnan Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau,Kunming 650106,P.R.China;Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650228,P.R.China;Jiangsu Surveying and Design Institute of Water Resources Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210029,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省水文水资源局昆明分局,云南昆明650106 [3]滇池湖泊生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站,云南昆明650228 [4]江苏省水利勘测设计研究院有限公司,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2025年第4期556-569,共14页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：水灾害防御全国重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目(2022490411)。

摘　　要：水源涵养是生态系统的重要服务功能,对维持区域生态安全和水资源的可持续利用至关重要。明确水源涵养的时空分布特征、变化趋势及驱动因素,对于科学制定水资源保护规划、推进区域生态保护与修复具有重要的理论和实践价值。基于In VEST模型计算红河流域(中国部分)1981-2020年8个时段(每5年为1个时段)的水源涵养功能,采用Sen+MannKendall及自然间断点法分析时空变化特征及其内部差异,并结合地理探测器方法分析其驱动因素。结果表明,1)红河流域(中国部分)多年平均水源涵养深度为68.7 mm,涵养量为5.77×10^(9) m^(3)。近40年间,水源涵养深度以-0.097 mm·a^(-1)的平均速率波动下降、水源涵养量以-7.5×10^(6) m^(3)·a^(-1)的平均速率波动下降。Sen+Mann-Kendall分析结果显示,水源涵养功能变化趋势以基本不变、轻微降低和轻微上升为主。林地、灌木林地和草地在水源涵养中占据主导地位,分别贡献了74.5%、13.8%和7.93%的水源涵养量。主要涵养区域集中在高程400-2 400 m和坡度5°-35°的区间,空间分布呈现东南高、西北低的格局。2)自然间断点法分析结果显示,水源涵养重要区面积为8.24×10^(3) km^(2),占研究区总面积的10.8%,但其水源涵养量占总量的20.2%,水源涵养率高达1.53×10~5 m^(3)·km^(-2)。3)地理探测器分析结果显示,降水量是水源涵养功能变化的主要驱动因素,土地利用变化则为次要因素。降水量与土地利用类型的交互作用对水源涵养功能空间异质性具有显著影响,超过任何单一因素或其他交互因素。红河流域(中国部分)水源涵养功能呈现出显著的时间演变规律和空间分布特征,降水与土地利用共同构成其时空异质性的关键驱动因素。Water conservation is a vital ecosystem service that plays a key role in regional ecological security and sustainable management of water resources.Understanding the spatial and temporal distributions,trends,and drivers of water conservation is of significant theoretical and practical importance for scientific planning and for advancing regional ecological protection and restoration.In this study,the InVEST model was employed to calculate the water conservation function of the Honghe River Basin (China section)over eight time intervals (every five years) from 1981 to 2020.Spatial and temporal variations,along with their internal differences,were analyzed using the Sen+Mann-Kendall test and natural discontinuity method.Subsequently,the GeoDetector model was applied to analyze the driving factors affecting the water conservation function,including precipitation,actual evapotranspiration,land use type,elevation,and slope.The findings of this study provide significant theoretical support for understanding the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of water conservation functions and their drivers in the Honghe River Basin (China).The results of the study indicate that:1) the average depth of water conservation in the study area is 68.7 mm,and the volume of water conservation is 5.77×10^(9) m~3.Over the past 40 years,the depth of water conservation has declined at an average rate of-0.097 mm·a^(-1),and the volume of water conservation has decreased at an average rate of-7.5×10^(6) m~3·a^(-1).From the second period onwards,the fluctuations in the water conservation function compared to the adjacent previous period were large,with specific fluctuation values of-11.0%,4.48%,11.1%,-7.74%,-6.54%,-5.76%,and 8.78%.The results of the Sen+Mann-Kendall analysis showed that the trend of change in water conservation function was primarily characterized by areas with little change,slight decreases,and slight increases,which collectively accounted for nearly 99.25%of the total area.By contrast,areas with significant increases and s

关 键 词：水源涵养 红河流域(中国部分) InVEST模型 Sen+Mann-Kendall 地理探测器 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]