烟草废弃物中多糖的提取及结构功能分析  

Extraction,structural characterization and functional analysis of polysaccharides from tobacco waste

作　　者：操晓亮 张泽晓 马鹏飞 罗金妍 张峰 李斌 伊勇涛 周培琛 洪晶[2] CAO Xiaoliang;ZHANG Zexiao;MA Pengfei;LUO Jinyan;ZHANG Feng;LI Bin;YI Yongtao;ZHOU Peichen;HONG Jing(Technology Center,China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;College of Biological Science and Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,福建省厦门市361021 [2]福州大学生物科学与工程学院,福州市350108

出　　处：《烟草科技》2025年第4期63-72,共10页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：福建中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“基于‘七匹狼(软灰)’烟草废弃物的香料开发及应用研究”(FJZYKJJH2023ZD007)。

摘　　要：为探索烟草废弃物多用途应用的潜力及提取方法对多糖结构和功能的影响,通过直接提取和酶制剂辅助提取工艺对烟草废弃物中的多糖进行提取,采用响应面法优化了酶制剂辅助提取的工艺条件,并分析了多糖的结构和抗氧化活性。结果表明:①在料液比为1∶32、每克烟草废弃物中纤维素酶添加量为0.455 g(酶活为5000 U)、酶解温度为62℃及酶解时间为2.0 h条件下,多糖得率最高,为23.56%。②直接提取和纤维素酶辅助提取的多糖主要为含有β-构型吡喃环的酸性多糖,且单糖组成相似,纤维素酶辅助提取的多糖呈光滑小颗粒状,聚合度和交联度较低。③直接提取和纤维素酶辅助提取的多糖对DPPH和ABTS自由基均具有一定的清除能力,表现出一定的抗氧化活性。该研究为烟草废弃物中多糖的提取、结构表征及其生物活性分析提供了理论支撑,也为烟草废弃物的高值化利用开辟了新途径。To explore the potential for multiple uses of tobacco waste and the effects of extraction methods on the structure and function of polysaccharides,polysaccharides were extracted from tobacco waste by direct extraction and enzyme-assisted extraction.The process parameters of the enzyme-assisted extraction were optimized using response surface methodology,and the structure and antioxidant activity of the extracted polysaccharides were analyzed.The results showed that:1)Under the conditions of a solid-liquid ratio of 1:32,cellulase addition rate of 0.455 g(enzyme activity of 5000 U)per gram of tobacco waste,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 62℃,and enzymatic hydrolysis time of 2.0 h,the yield of polysaccharides was the highest,reaching 23.56%.2)The polysaccharides obtained by the direct extraction and the cellulase-assisted extraction were predominantly acidic polysaccharides containingβ-configuration pyran rings,with similar monosaccharide compositions.The polysaccharides obtained by the cellulase-assisted extraction showed a smooth,granular morphology with lower degrees of polymerization and cross-linking.3)The polysaccharides from the both extraction methods showed some ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals,indicating their antioxidant activity.This research provides theoretical support for the extraction,structural characterization,and bioactivity analysis for polysaccharides derived from tobacco waste,thus opening new possibilities for high-value utilization of tobacco waste.

关 键 词：酶制剂 烟草废弃物 多糖 工艺优化 结构表征 

分 类 号：TS411.1[农业科学—烟草工业]