气体水合物可生物降解氨基酸动力学抑制剂  

Gas hydrate biodegradable amino acid kinetic inhibitor

作　　者：乐磊 刘妮[1] LE Lei;LIU Ni(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《石油化工》2025年第4期576-582,共7页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：综述了气体水合物抑制技术,总结了可生物降解氨基酸类动力学抑制剂的研究进展。概述了传统的热力学抑制剂、新型低剂量动力学抑制剂和低剂量阻聚剂,并分析了它们的作用机制和应用局限性。介绍了氨基酸类抑制剂,根据侧链基团的亲疏水性将其分为疏水氨基酸和亲水氨基酸,并分别阐述了它们对水合物生成的影响机制和抑制效果。疏水氨基酸主要通过增强水分子结构来抑制水合物生成,而亲水氨基酸则通过与水分子形成氢键或极性相互作用来抑制水合物生成。还总结了氨基酸与其他溶液的复配体系对水合物生成的影响,复合体系可显著提高抑制效果,并展现出协同效应。基于现有研究成果,提出了未来研究方向:深入探索氨基酸与其他溶液的复配体系,研究氨基酸与其他抑制剂的复合作用机制,以及探索更低的抑制剂添加量、更快的水合物生成速率和更高的气体吸收率,以期为开发新型高效、环保的气体水合物抑制剂提供参考。Gas hydrate inhibition technologies were reviewed.The research progress on biodegradable amino acid kinetic inhibitors was discussed.Traditional thermodynamic inhibitors,novel low-dose kinetic inhibitors and low-dose blockers were summarized.Their action mechanisms and application limitations were analyzed.The amino acid inhibitors were introduced and categorized into hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids based on the hydrophilicity of the side chain groups.Their influence mechanisms and inhibition effects on hydrate formation were elaborated,respectively.It is shown that hydrophobic amino acids inhibit hydrate formation mainly by enhancing the structure of water molecules,while hydrophilic amino acids inhibit hydrate formation by forming hydrogen bonds or polar interactions with water molecules.In addition,the effect of the complex system of amino acids with other solutions on hydrate formation was also explored.It is found that the composite system can significantly improve the inhibition effect and exhibit synergistic effects.Based on the existing research achievements,future research directions were proposed,including in-depth exploration of the compounding system of amino acids and other solutions,study of the compounding mechanism of amino acids and other promoters,and exploration of lower additive amount,faster hydrate formation rate,and higher gas absorption rate.It is expected to provide a reference for the development of new efficient and environmentally friendly gas hydrate inhibitors.

关 键 词：气体水合物 动力学抑制剂 氨基酸 亲疏水性 复配体系 

分 类 号：TQ423.3[化学工程]