不同话题熟悉度任务中译者认知资源分配研究——基于眼动、回溯报告和问卷等数据的多元互证  

Translators'Allocation of Cognitive Resources in Tasks with Different Topic Familiarity:A Triangulated Study Using Eye-tracking,Retrospective Protocols,and Questionnaires

作　　者：王湘玲[1] 王立阳 WANG Xiangling;WANG Liyanog(College of Foreign Languages,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;College of Foreign Languages,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Xiangtan 411104,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学外国语学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南工程学院外国语学院,湖南湘潭411104

出　　处：《外国语》2025年第2期93-103,共11页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：湖南省普通高等学校教学改革重点项目“‘人工智能+立德树人’双涡驱动下高校外语创新人才培养模式研究”(HNJG-2022-0039);湖南省社会科学项目“智能信息环境下译者信息行为认知机制研究”(22WLH21)。

摘　　要：双语加工对认知资源的要求高于单语加工,而翻译认知加工是双语加工中的复杂课题,因此从认知资源分配视角探究翻译认知加工有助于推动揭示双语者大脑加工神经机制。本文使用眼动追踪,回溯报告和问卷调查相结合的多元互证法,探究不同话题熟悉度对译者认知资源分配的影响。研究发现:1)相较于不熟悉话题任务,译者在熟悉话题任务中的总体认知资源消耗及其在原文理解和在线信息检索的认知资源消耗显著更少,但译文产出的认知资源消耗显著更多;2)译者在原文理解与在线信息检索间的注意转换显著多于译文产出与信息检索间的注意转换,多采用“原文阅读—在线信息检索—原文阅读”的认知加工模式,且该模式具有一定稳定性,不受话题熟悉度影响;3)根据Bell翻译过程模型构建基于在线信息检索的翻译过程模型。本研究有助于促进翻译过程(TPR)理论与实证研究,可对二语教学和译者培养提供参考。Bilingual processing demands more cognitive resources than monolingual processing,and translation,as a complex form of bilingual processing,offers valuable insights into the neural mechanisms of bilingual brain functioning when examined from the perspective of cognitive resource allocation.This study employs a multi-method approach,combining eye-tracking,retrospective protocols,and questionnaires,to investigate the impact of topic familiarity on translators'allocation of cognitive resources.The findings reveal that:1)Compared to tasks involving unfamiliar topics,translators consume significantly fewer cognitive resources overall in tasks with familiar topics,particularly in source text comprehension and online information seeking,but allocate significantly more cognitive resources to target text production;2)Translators exhibit more frequent attention shifts between source text comprehension and online information seeking than between target text production and information seeking,often adopting a“source text reading—online information seeking—source text reading”cognitive processing pattern,which remains stable regardless of topic familiarity;3)A translation process model based on online information seeking is constructed,drawing on Bell's translation process model.This study contributes to the theoretical and empirical research on translation process(TPR)and provides insights for second language teaching and translator training.

关 键 词：话题熟悉度 认知资源分配 认知加工模式 多元互证 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]