儿童文学经典复译现象的译者行为研究——以《金银岛》为例  

A Study of the Translation Behaviors in the Retranslation of Children’s Literature Classics:Taking Treasure Island as an Example

作　　者：姜淑芹 JIANG Shuqin(Center for Linguistic,Literary and Cultural Studies,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学外国语文研究中心,重庆400031

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2025年第2期122-132,共11页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金中华学术外译项目“中国人口政策60年”(项目编号:20WRKB001);广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划2024年度共建课题“当代英语小说中的动物书写”(项目编号:2024GZGJ47)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：儿童文学经典复译现象非常突出,译者采用的翻译策略及其产生的翻译效果与译者所处历史时期的社会因素密切相关。使用“文本—行为—社会”三位一体评价模式对《金银岛》在中国的百年复译进行研究,结果显示晚清时期出于传播思想、改造国民的理想,初次翻译时采用了超务实的豪杰译法;民国时期形成“儿童本位”思想、将《金银岛》定位为儿童文学,求真与务实达到了较平衡的状态;改革开放以后外国文学重新受到重视,出现了全译本与适应各种读者群的改编版本,《金银岛》的经典地位得以确立;21世纪以来受中小学新课改政策和市场化运作的影响,产生了大量新译本,但精细化程度不够。儿童文学复译应同时关注译内环境和译外环境,准确定位符合时代和读者需求的翻译理念,采用合适的翻译策略,产出高质量的译文。The retranslation of literary classics is highly prevalent in the field of children’s literature,with translators’strategies and the resulting translation effects closely linked to social factors of their respective historical contexts.Applying the three-in-one evaluative model of“text-behavior-society”to examine century-long retranslations of Treasure Island in China reveals the following patterns:During the Late Qing Dynasty,initial translations adopted highly pragmatic free translation methods to disseminate new ideas and transform the populace;In the Republican Era,the emergence of“child-centered”orientation positioned Treasure Island as children’s literature,achieving relative balance between truth-seeking and utility-attaining in its translation.After the initiation of Reform and Opening-up,foreign literature regained prominence,producing complete translations and adapted versions for diverse readerships,thus cementing the work’s canonical status.Since the turn of the 21st century,influenced by the new curriculum reform policies for primary and secondary schools and market-driven operations,a large number of new translations have been produced,though they often lack refinement.Retranslation of children’s literature classics should simultaneously consider both intra-translational and extra-translational circumstances,adopt appropriate translation strategies,and produce high-quality translations that meet contemporary readers’needs.

关 键 词：译者行为批评 “文本—行为—社会”三位一体 《金银岛》 经典复译 儿童文学 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]