多关节运动中小腿三头肌肌纤维和肌腱实时连续刚度仿真分析  

Simulation analysis of real-time continuous stiffness in muscle fibers and tendons of the triceps surae during multi-joint movement

作　　者：李晨 刘晔 倪新迪 张宇昂 Li Chen;Liu Ye;Ni Xindi;Zhang Yuang(School of Sport Science,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京市100084

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第35期7529-7536,共8页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:人体内骨骼肌内部肌纤维与肌腱的刚度受神经-肌肉系统调控而处于可变状态,而复杂多关节运动中肌纤维和肌腱的力学特性观测难度较高,肌纤维和肌腱的刚度实时变化规律尚不明确。目的:以不同跑速及步态时相下小腿三头肌仿真数据为例,探究肌纤维刚度及肌腱的实时刚度变化规律。方法:从Stanford大学网站获取5名长跑运动员不同跑速步态中小腿三头肌肌纤维激活、长度、速度参数及肌腱长度参数的OpenSim仿真结果,提取仿真所用Hill-Zajac骨骼肌模型中肌纤维及肌腱力-长度关系曲线的瞬时斜率,作为小腿三头肌肌纤维与肌腱的实时刚度,分析肌纤维与肌腱的刚度等指标在步态中的时序性变化。结果与结论:肌纤维激活-长度-速度状态及肌腱应变的调节,使肌纤维与肌腱的刚度和受力呈相同变化趋势。相比较低跑速,较高跑速下的腓肠肌肌纤维刚度在步态支撑前期更高(P≤0.01),腓肠肌内侧头的肌腱刚度在支撑前期更高(P≤0.02),腓肠肌肌纤维及肌腱的刚度在支撑中期至摆动中期更低(P≤0.03),比目鱼肌肌纤维刚度在支撑期更高(P≤0.02)。各跑速下小腿三头肌肌纤维及肌腱的刚度均呈支撑期高于摆动前中期的趋势(P≤0.03),而腓肠肌在摆动后期的肌纤维刚度及肌腱刚度再度升高(P≤0.05)。结果显示跑速增加可提高支撑期的小腿三头肌肌纤维刚度及肌腱刚度,当跑速及步态时相变化时,腓肠肌与比目鱼肌具有不同的肌纤维及肌腱刚度变化规律,而腓肠肌可通过预激活现象在摆动后期提高肌纤维刚度及肌腱刚度。BACKGROUND:The stiffness of muscle fibers and tendons within skeletal muscles is regulated by the neuromuscular system and remains variable.However,observing the mechanical properties of muscle fibers and tendons during complex multi-joint movements is challenging,and the real-time variation patterns of their stiffness are not yet clear.OBJECTIVE:Taking the open-access simulation data of triceps surae at different running speeds and gait phases as an example,to explore the real-time stiffness change rules of muscle fiber stiffness and tendon stiffness.METHODS:OpenSim simulation results of muscle fiber activation,length,velocity parameters,and tendon length parameters of the triceps surae in five longdistance runners at different running speeds were collected from the Website of Stanford University.The instantaneous slope of the force-length relationship curve of muscle fibers and tendons in the Hill-Zajac muscle model used in the simulation was extracted as the real-time stiffness of the triceps surae muscle fibers and tendons.The temporal changes of stiffness indicators of muscle fibers and tendons during gait were analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The regulation of muscle fiber activation-length-velocity status and tendon strain resulted in the stiffness of muscle fibers and tendons changing in the same trend as the applied force.Compared with lower running speeds,the stiffness of the gastrocnemius muscle fibers was higher in the early support phase at higher running speeds(P≤0.01),and the tendon stiffness of the medial head of the gastrocnemius was higher in the early support phase(P≤0.02).The stiffness of the gastrocnemius muscle fibers and tendons was lower from the mid-support to the mid-swing phase(P≤0.03),and the stiffness of the soleus muscle fibers was higher during the support phase(P≤0.02).Under all running speeds,the stiffness of the triceps surae muscle fibers and tendons showed a trend of being higher during the support phase than during the pre-swing phase(P≤0.03),and the stiffness of the

关 键 词：OpenSim 肌纤维 肌腱 刚度 仿真模拟 工程化组织构建 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R319[医药卫生—临床医学] G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]