论刑事二审证据调查:法理基础与程序完善  

On the Evidence Investigation Procedure of Second Instance of Criminal Cases:Legal Basis and Procedural Framework

作　　者：刘亦峰 LIU Yifeng

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学法学院 [2]四川农业大学刑事司法研究中心

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2025年第2期219-230,共12页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学基金青年项目“《刑事诉讼法》再修改背景下二审程序实质化改革路径构建研究”(项目编号:SCJJ24ND260)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：二审程序在刑事诉讼程序中具有至关重要的地位,兼具纠错、救济及统一法律适用的功能。目前立法上并未对二审案件的审理方式给予具体、明确的规定,导致实践中二审开庭率较低。同时,证据调查作为庭审的核心环节,在现有法律框架内,立法上仍然规定参照一审程序适用,这可能导致二审的证据调查程序存在一定的真空地带,致使司法实践操作不规范。在《刑事诉讼法》第四次修改的重要契机下,我们应当从立法上明确“以开庭审理为原则,不开庭为例外”的基本理念,在证据调查程序中,应当重点进行争点与焦点问题的二次审查以及对新事实、新证据的审查判断。在程序完善方面,立足于二审纠错、救济的重要程序定位和功能,充分利用庭前会议进行庭前证据调查准备。通过构建规范化的庭审证据调查程序,明确证据调查的顺序与方式,加强人证出庭必要性审查、非法证据排除程序的规范性运用,构建我国刑事二审证据调查程序的优化方案。The second instance of criminal cases plays a crucial role in the criminal procedure,serving the functions of error correction,relief,and ensuring uniform application of law.At present,there are no specific and clear regulations in China’s legislation regarding the court hearing methods for second instance cases,resulting in a low rate of court hearings in practice.Evidence investigation,as a core part of the substantive process of the second instance trial,still faces problems in the existing legal framework where legislative provisions still refer to the application of the first instance procedure.This may lead to a certain vacuum in the evidence investigation procedure of the second instance,resulting in non-standard judicial practice.Therefore,given the significant opportunity presented by of the fourth amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law,we should clearly adhere to the basic concept of“trial in court as the principle and non-trial as the exception”in legislation.In evidence investigation procedures,the focus should be on the secondary examination of disputed and focal issues,as well as the examination and judgment of new facts and evidence.In terms of program construction,the second instance trial’s essential functions of error correction and remedy should be reinforced through the effective use of pre-trial conferences for evidence investigation preparation.By standardizing the trial evidence investigation procedures,order and methods of evidence investigation can be defined.Furthermore,measures should be taken to strengthen the review procedures for the necessity of witness appearances,and standardize the application of illegal evidence exclusion procedures.These efforts will contribute to an optimized framework for the evidence investigation procedure of criminal case second instance.

关 键 词：庭审实质化 刑事二审 开庭审理 证据调查 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]