喀斯特石漠化区域生态环境质量变化研究——以贵州北盘江流域为例  

Research on ecological environment quality changes in karst rocky desertification areas based on a modified remote sensing ecological distance index--A case study of the Beipanjiang River Basin in Guizhou

作　　者：黄晓娟 周光红 简钞 吴明华 王聘 HUANG Xiaojuan;ZHOU Guanghong;JIAN Chao;WU Minghua;WANG Pin(School of Geography and Resources,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院地理与资源学院,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《资源开发与市场》2025年第4期521-531,共11页Resource Development & Market

基　　金：贵州省高等学校数字乡村创新团队(编号:黔教技[2023]076号);贵州师范学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:202314223034)。

摘　　要：贵州省北盘江流域是中国石漠化最为严重的地区之一,评价其生态环境质量对该地区生态的有效保护至关重要。利用GEE平台,基于2001、2006、2011、2016、2021年的Landsat影像数据,提取山地植被指数、湿度、热度和石漠化指数,构建改进型遥感生态距离指数,分析研究区的生态环境质量演变规律。结果表明:(1)MRSEDI较传统的RSEDI模型更全面地反映石漠化地区的生态质量,能够有效捕捉植被生长与石漠化状况信息,适合作为喀斯特石漠化地区生态环境质量的评价工具。(2)截止2021年MRSEDI均值达到54.25%,相较2001年提高了11.51%,较差区域的面积减少23.88%,良好区域的面积增加28.52%,研究区生态环境总体得到改善。(3)从空间分布来看,研究区生态环境质量呈现“西北低东南高”的格局。各支流流域范围生态差异明显,其中研究区中部、东北部小流域生态质量得到改善,北部、西南部支流区域生态环境质量状况相对不稳定。(4)研究区生态环境质量等级格局整体由2001年的“较差—中等”主导,逐步向2021年的“中等—良”演变,但局部支流流域范围的生态质量转变波动较大。The Beipan River Basin in Guizhou Province is one of the most severely affected areas by rocky desertification in China,making the evaluation of its ecological environment quality crucial for effective ecological protection.Using the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform and Landsat imagery data from 2001,2006,2011,2016,and 2021,this paper extracted the Normalized Difference Mountain Vegetation Index(NDMVI),Wetness(WET),Land Surface Temperature(LST),and Rocky Desertification Index(RI)to construct a Modified Remote Sensing Ecological Distance Index(MRSEDI).This paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of ecological environment quality in the region over the past two decades.The results revealed that:①The MRSEDI had outperformed the traditional RSEDI model by more comprehensively reflecting ecological quality in rocky desertification areas.It had effectively captured information on vegetation growth and desertification conditions,making it a suitable tool for evaluating ecological environment quality in karst rocky desertification regions.②By 2021,the average MRSEDI value had reached 54.25%,an increase of 11.51%compared to 2001.The area of poor ecological quality had decreased by 23.88%,while the area of good ecological quality had increased by 28.52%,indicating an overall improvement in the ecological environment within the study area.③Spatially,the ecological environment quality in the study area had exhibited a“low in the northwest,high in the southeast”distribution pattern.Significant ecological differences had been observed across tributary basins,with improvements in ecological quality in the central and northeastern sub-basins,while the northern and southwestern tributary regions had shown relatively unstable ecological conditions.④The ecological environment quality had shifted from a pattern dominated by“poor to moderate”in 2001 to“moderate to good”in 2021.However,substantial fluctuations had been observed in the ecological quality transitions within certain tributary basins.

关 键 词：石漠化 山地植被指数 改进型遥感生态距离指数 GEE 北盘江 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]