急性碱度胁迫对中华绒螯蟹抗应激、抗氧化能力和肌肉组织结构的影响  

Effects of acute alkalinity stress on anti-stress,antioxidant capacity and muscle tissue structure of Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：陈涵 邱启勇 王美垚[1,2] CHEN Han;QIU Qiyong;WANG Meiyao(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《水产学报》2025年第5期50-57,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目[JBGS(2021)031];中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2023TD39);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400702);淡水渔业研究中心基本科研业务费专项(2023JBFM05)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究急性碱度胁迫对中华绒螯蟹生理代谢的影响机制。【方法】设立对照组(0 mmol/L)和碱度组(60 mmol/L)以及4个处理时间(0、6、12和24 h),研究急性碱度胁迫对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺抗应激及发育关键调控基因mTOR和AKT基因的mRNA表达、抗氧化能力指示酶过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)以及能量代谢关键组织肌肉组织结构的影响。【结果】碱度胁迫6 h后,AKT基因的表达先升后降,但24 h时仍显著高于对照组;胁迫6 h后,mTOR表达显著升高,且持续高表达。胁迫6 h时,中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺CAT活性显著降低,随着胁迫时间的延长,CAT活性并无显著变化。碱度胁迫24 h时肝胰腺T-AOC水平显著上升。随着胁迫时间的延长,肝胰腺MDA含量显著上升,胁迫24 h时达到峰值。碱度胁迫6 h时,中华绒螯蟹肌肉组织结构无显著变化。【结论】6 h急性碱度胁迫未对肌肉组织结构产生显著影响,抗氧化酶T-AOC含量升高、抗应激及发育相关基因(AKT、mTOR)出现上调表达以积极应对碱度胁迫。本研究旨在为今后探讨中华绒螯蟹盐碱环境抗逆机制,进而更好地开展中华绒螯蟹盐碱地养殖提供理论指导。China possesses abundant saline-alkali water resources that are currently underutilized.Developing saline-alkali water aquaculture could transform these abandoned resources into valuable assets and enhance fishery production.This study aimed to investigate the effects of acute alkalinity stress on the physiological metabolism of Eriocheir sinensis.A control group(0 mmol/L)and an alkalinity group(60 mmol/L)were established,with four treatment times(0,6,12,and 24 h)to examine the impacts of acute alkalinity stress on the mRNA expression of anti-stress and developmental regulatory genes(mTOR and AKT)in the hepatopancreas of E.sinensis,as well as antioxidant capacity indicators[catalase(CAT),total antioxidant capacity(TAOC),malondialdehyde(MDA)]and muscle tissue structure,which are key tissues for energy metabolism.Results showed that after 6 h of alkalinity stress,AKT gene expression increased and then decreased,but remained significantly higher than the control group at 24 h(P<0.05).mTOR expression significantly increased after 6 h of stress(P<0.05)and remaind highly expressed.CAT enzyme activity in the hepatopancreas of E.sinensis significantly decreased after 6 h of stress(P<0.05).TAOC levels in the hepatopancreas significantly increased after 24 h of alkalinity stress(P<0.05),while MDA content significantly increased with prolonged stress,peaking at 24 h(P<0.05).Muscle tissue structure in E.sinensis was not significantly affected by 6 h of alkalinity stress.The observed increases in antioxidant enzyme activity(T-AOC)and upregulation of stressresistant and developmental genes(AKT and mTOR)indicated that E.sinensis actively responded to alkalinity stress.This study provides theoretical guidance for eluciating the anti-stress mechanisms of E.sinensis in saline-alkali environments and for the future development of E.sinensis aquaculture.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 碱度胁迫 肝胰腺 抗氧化能力 抗应激 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]