利用内窥镜快速鉴别扇贝亲本性别和性腺成熟度  

Rapid identification of scallop gender and gonadal maturity using endoscopy

作　　者：孔祥福 梁浩颖 黄山桓 包振民[1,2,3] 胡晓丽 KONG Xiangfu;LIANG Haoying;HUANG Shanhuan;BAO Zhenmin;HU Xiaoli(Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Education,College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Laboratary of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering,Sanya Oceanographic Institution,Ocean University of China,Sanya 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,海洋生物遗传学与育种教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院,热带海洋生物种质资源开发与种业工程实验室,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《水产学报》2025年第5期58-65,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400303);山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD003)。

摘　　要：【目的】扇贝是我国重要的大宗养殖贝类,在人工苗种繁育中,需将雌雄亲本分开促熟,并定期观察性腺发育进程,从而准确把握苗种生产时机。目前扇贝性别鉴定和性腺观察只能通过外物刺激软体组织或阴干的方法使扇贝双壳张开后完成。为开发扇贝亲本性别和性腺成熟度的快速、刺激小的鉴别方法,提高苗种繁育的可控性和效率。【方法】本研究首次利用内窥镜技术,经由两壳间足丝孔通过内窥探头对扇贝性腺进行图像拍摄,根据拍摄的性腺图像颜色进行性别鉴定和性腺成熟度判定。【结果】内窥镜可在扇贝闭壳状态下,不触及软体部位,清晰显示性腺颜色和性别,用时分别为外物刺激及阴干方法的1/2和1/4,并可对扇贝性腺成熟度进行分析。同时,内窥镜也能够清晰地对海水中的扇贝性腺进行拍摄和成像,实现扇贝性腺发育状态的水中原位观察。【结论】内窥技术为亲本性别和性腺成熟度鉴别提供了新思路,将有效提高扇贝苗种繁育效率。Scallops are an important cultured bivalve species in China.Prior to artificial reproduction,it is essential to segregate male and female parent scallops and monitor gonadal development to determine the optimal timing for seedling production.Currently,scallop gender and gonad maturity were assessed in vivo by stimulating the soft tissues with foreign body or by drying in the shade to induce shell opening,followed by visual inspection of gonad color.These traditional methods were timeconsuming and conducted out of water,which can lead to stress-induced mortality of parent scallops and compromised control over seedling production.In this study,we employed a novel endoscopic approach to identify scallop gender and gonadal maturity.This method relies on the coloration of gonads captured in images obtained via a probe inserted through the byssus orifice between the shells.Our results demonstrated that scallop gonad color and gender could be clearly visualized using the endoscope without direct contact with the delicate soft tissues,even when the scallops remained in a closed state.The time required for this method was approximately half that of traditional foreign body stimulation and one-quarter that of dry-in-shade method.Moreover,the endoscope could capture clear images of scallop gonads in seawater,enabling in situ observation.This non-invasive endoscopic technique eliminates the need to induce shell opening,allowing for accurate and rapid gonad observation and gender identification,thereby enhancing the efficiency of scallop breeding.

关 键 词：扇贝 性别鉴定 性腺发育观察 内窥镜技术 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]