牛磺酸对大口黑鲈生长、糖脂代谢和抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of taurine on growth,glucolipids metabolism and hepatic antioxidant of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：边延欣 谢凯 蔡明浪 朱波 周锡勋 胡毅[1] 张俊智[1] BIAN Yanxin;XIE Kai;CAI Minglang;ZHU Bo;ZHOU Xixun;HU Yi;ZHANG Junzhi(Fisheries College,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Yueyang Yumeikang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Yueyang 414100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水产学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]岳阳渔美康生物科技有限公司,湖南岳阳414100

出　　处：《水产学报》2025年第5期144-157,共14页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(2019YFD0900200)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了研究牛磺酸对大口黑鲈生长性能、肝脏糖脂代谢和抗氧化能力的影响。【方法】实验设置18%木薯淀粉水平为高淀粉对照组(CON),在对照组基础上添加0.05%、0.10%牛磺酸(T0.05、T0.1),对初始体重为(19.00±0.20)g的大口黑鲈进行为期8周的网箱(120 cm×80 cm×150cm)养殖实验,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾。【结果】高淀粉饲料中添加牛磺酸后增重率和特定生长率显著上升,肝脏粗脂肪和肝糖原含量显著下降,且肠道淀粉酶活性显著升高。肝脏H.E染色、PAS染色和油红O染色切片发现,相比于CON,0.10%牛磺酸组肝细胞结构完整,糖原、脂肪滴减少。添加牛磺酸后大口黑鲈的血清葡萄糖、低密度脂蛋白、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶水平均显著降低,而碱性磷酸酶与高密度脂蛋白显著升高。与CON相比,牛磺酸组肝脏G6Pase活性显著下降,而GK、PK活性显著升高,同时pfk、gk、glut2表达上调。添加牛磺酸后肝脏脂质合成相关基因dgat1、lxr-1、srebp1、acc1α、fasn和gpat4表达下调,同时脂肪分解相关基因hsl、mgl、pparα、lpl、atgl、acadm表达上调。与CON相比,牛磺酸组的cat、sod、il-10和tgf-β基因表达上调,nf-κb、il-8基因表达下调。【结论】在高淀粉饲料中加入牛磺酸可以改善大口黑鲈的生长,调节肝脏糖脂代谢,提高碳水化合物利用,减少肝脏糖原沉积和脂质积累,提高抗氧化能力,在本实验条件下推荐牛磺酸添加量为0.10%。本研究可为牛磺酸在调控糖脂代谢方面提供理论依据,同时为提高水产动物对碳水化合物的利用提供技术支撑。To evaluate the effects of taurine on the growth performance,hepatic glucolipids metabolism,and hepatic antioxidant capacities of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides),with an initial weight of(19.00±0.20)g were reared in cages(120 cm×80 cm×150 cm)for 8 weeks.The high starch control group(CON)was set at an 18%tapioca starch level,and 0.05%and 0.10%taurine(T0.05 and T0.1)were added based on this control group.The experiment consisted of three treatments,each with three replicates of 50 fish per replicate.Results indicated that taurine addition to high-starch diets significantly increased weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR),while significantly decreasing liver crude fat and hepatic glycogen content.Intestinal amylase activity was also significantly elevated.Histological staining with H.E,PAS,and oil red O revealed that hepatocytes in the 0.1%taurine group were structurally intact,with reduced glycogen and fat droplets compared to the CON group.Serum glucose,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(GOT),and glutamate pyruvic transaminase(GPT)levels were significantly decreased after taurine addition,whereas alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were significantly increased.Hepatic G6Pase activity was significantly decreased in the taurine groups,while GK and PK activities were significantly elevated.The expression of genes related to glycolysis(pfk,gk and glut2)was up-regulated,while the expression of hepatic lipid synthesis-related genes(dgat1,lxr-1,srebp1,acc1α,fasn and gpat4)was down-regulated.In contrast,the expression of lipolysis-related genes(hsl,mgl,pparα,lpl,atgl and acadm)was up-regulated.Compared to the CON group,the expression of antioxidant-related genes(cat,sod,il-10 and tgf-β)was up-regulated in the taurine gropus,while nf-κb and il-8 expression was down-regulated.In summary,adding taurine to highstarch feeds can improve growth,regulate hepatic glucose-lipid metabolism,increase carbohydrate utilization,reduce h

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 牛磺酸 高淀粉 糖脂代谢 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]