孕期饮食对孕妇全血中5种重金属浓度的影响  

Influence of diet during pregnancy on concentrations of five heavy metals in whole blood

作　　者：陈丽梅 徐玲玲 朱迅 王姝楠 龚燕[2] 田英[3] CHEN Limei;XU Lingling;ZHU Xun;WANG Shunan;GONG Yan;TIAN Ying(Department of Environmental Health,Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention(The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University),Wuxi,Jiangsu 214023,China;Department of Physical and Chemical Testing,Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention(The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University),Wuxi,Jiangsu 214023,China;Department of Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市疾病预防控制中心(南京医科大学附属无锡疾病预防控制中心)环境卫生科,江苏无锡214023 [2]无锡市疾病预防控制中心(南京医科大学附属无锡疾病预防控制中心)理化检验科,江苏无锡214023 [3]上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院环境健康系,上海200025

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2025年第1期22-29,共8页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：无锡市卫生健康委员会青年项目(Q202256);2023年度南京医科大学无锡医学中心"青年优才计划"项目(WMCQ202302)。

摘　　要：[背景]饮食是环境重金属暴露的主要来源,已有研究提示,孕期的重金属暴露会对母体及发育中的胎儿产生不良影响,而孕期饮食是接触这些潜在有毒重金属的主要来源。[目的]探讨孕期饮食对孕妇全血中5种重金属(铅、汞、镉、铬和砷)浓度的影响。[方法]以无锡市某医院建卡的健康孕妇作为调查对象,共纳入252名孕妇。采用自制调查问卷收集孕妇的基本信息、本次怀孕情况和孕期饮食信息(包括谷类、蔬菜、水果、肉类、水产品、乳制品等的摄入情况),通过电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)方法检测其孕中期全血中铅、汞、镉、铬和砷的水平。采用Spearman秩相关分析全血中各重金属元素之间的相关性,多元logistic回归分析孕期饮食对全血中重金属浓度的影响。[结果]本研究中孕妇的年龄为(29.13±3.93)岁,46.83%的孕妇每周食用大米8次,每周饮用奶制品4~7次的人约占所有孕妇的36.11%,68.26%的孕妇每周食用牲畜类肉≥4次,54.76%孕妇每周食用水果8次,60.32%的孕妇每周食用新鲜蔬菜8次,68.25%的孕妇很少(<1次·周^(-1))食用凉拌菜,约80%的孕妇基本不摄入(<1次·周^(–1))煎炸类和烧烤类的食品。孕妇全血中铅、汞、镉、铬和砷的质量浓度(后称:浓度)中位数(P_(25),P_(75))分别为9.10(7.04,11.62)、1.06(0.74,1.52)、0.54(0.36,0.76)、0.97(0.60,1.52)和1.02(0.66,1.79)μg·L^(–1),除砷元素(90.87%)以外其余4种重金属的检出率均为100%。孕妇全血中铅与汞(r=0.19)、镉(r=0.26)、铬(r=0.23)的浓度呈正相关(均P <0.01)。logistic回归分析结果显示,孕妇孕期大米、牲畜类肉、鱼类和虾蟹贝类摄入与其孕期全血汞浓度呈正相关[OR(95%CI):1.40(1.07~1.82)、1.61(1.21~2.15)、1.69(1.26~2.25)、1.63(1.22~2.18)]。[结论]无锡地区孕妇体内汞的暴露水平可能与其饮食中的大米、牲畜类肉、水产品(鱼类和虾蟹贝类)的高摄入习惯有关,未发现饮食习惯与�[Background]Diet is the main source of environmental heavy metal exposure.Previous studies suggest that heavy metal exposure during pregnancy can have adverse effects on the mother and developing fetus,and prenatal diet is the main source of exposure to these potentially toxic heavy metals.[Objective]To investigate the effects of diet during pregnancy on the concentrations of five heavy metals(lead,mercury,cadmium,chromium,and arsenic)in whole blood of pregnant women.[Methods]A total of 252 healthy pregnant women who were registered in a hospital in Wuxi were included in the survey.A self-made questionnaire was distributed to collect their basic in-formation,pregnancy situation,and dietary information during pregnancy(including intake of grains,vegetables,fruits,meat,aquatic products,and dairy products),and the levels of lead,mercury,cadmium,chromium,and arsenic in whole blood of mid-pregnancy were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Spearman rank correlation was used to investigate the correlation between various heavy metal elements in whole blood,and logistic regression was used to explore the effects of diet during pregnancy on the concentrations of heavy metal elements in whole blood.[Results]In this study,the average age of pregnant women was(29.13±3.93)years old.Nearly half(46.83%)of pregnant women consumed rice 8 times a week,and approximately 36.11%of all pregnant women consumed dairy products 4-7 times a week.Over two thirds(68.26%)of pregnant women consumed livestock meat≥4 times a week,54.76%consumed fruits 8 times a week,60.32%consumed fresh vegetables 8 times a week,and 68.25%rarely(<1 time per week)consumed salad.About 80%of pregnant women hardly consumed(<1 time per week)fried and barbecued foods.The median concentrations(P_(25),P_(75))of lead,mercury,cadmium,chromium,and arsenic in whole blood of pregnant women were 9.10(7.04,11.62),1.06(0.74,1.52),0.54(0.36,0.76),0.97(0.60,1.52),and 1.02(0.66,1.79)μg·L−1,respectively.Except for arsenic(90.87%),the detection ra

关 键 词：饮食暴露 全血 重金属 孕期 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]