GH4169镍基高温合金的飞秒激光制孔性能研究  

Femtosecond Laser Drilling Performance of GH4169 Nickel-based Superalloy

作　　者：陈泰黎 牛凡 徐良辉 陈新悦 侯枭伟 孙奖 司艳 方修洋 蔡振兵[1] CHEN Taili;NIU Fan;XU Lianghui;CHEN Xinyue;HOU Xiaowei;SUN Jiang;SI Yan;FANG Xiuyang(CAI Zhenbing 11 Tribology Research Institute,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Cheng Du Hang Li(Group)Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 611937,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学摩擦学研究所,成都610031 [2]成都航利(集团)实业有限公司,成都611937

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第9期164-170,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划(2022YFB3401900);四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2025YFHZ0163)。

摘　　要：为了提升飞秒激光加工镍基高温合金材料的制孔质量,优化制孔激光加工参数,进行了制孔试验。采用飞秒激光加工试验平台,在不同的加工工艺参数(单层进给量、激光功率)下,设置不同的参数水平,对厚度为1 mm的镍基高温合金板进行小孔加工,同时对采用电火花工艺与飞秒激光加工的小孔截面形貌进行对比。结果发现,采用的激光加工功率和单层进给量增大时,加工穿透层数随之减小。入口孔径和出口孔径的尺寸都随着激光功率的增大而增大,随着单层进给量的增大而减小,孔锥度随着激光功率和单层进给量的增加先减小后增大,在单层进给量为15μm时,小孔整体锥度较小,最小锥度达2.3°。孔出口区域的粗糙度普遍大于入口处的粗糙度,且出口区域会形成周期性柱状结构。电火花小孔加工的小孔内壁产生了严重的重铸层和不规则的微裂纹等内部缺陷,而飞秒激光加工的内壁未见重熔层、晶间腐蚀、以及热影响区和裂纹等缺陷,形成了纳米条纹结构的内壁形貌,加工质量较好。在固定光斑形状和波长等参数条件下,激光功率为14 W、单层进给量为15μm时,可获得1 mm厚镍基高温合金板的最优制孔质量。In order to improve the drilling quality of femtosecond laser processing nickel-based superalloy materials and optimize the drilling laser processing parameters,drilling experiments were carried out.Using femtosecond laser processing test platform,under different processing parameters(single-layer feed rate,laser power)setting different parameter levels,the hole machining of nickel-based superalloy plate with thickness of 1 mm was carried out,at the same time,the cross-section morphology of the hole processed by EDM and femtosecond laser was compared.The results show that the number of penetrating layers decreases with the increase of laser processing power and single layer feed rate.The size of the entrance aperture and the exit aperture increases with the increase of the laser power,and decreases with the increase of the single-layer feed rate.The hole taper decreases first and then increases with the increase of the laser power and the single-layer feed rate,when the single-layer feed rate is 15μm,the overall taper of the hole is small,and the minimum taper is 2.3°.The roughness of the exit region is generally larger than that of the entrance,and the periodic columnar structure is formed in the exit region.Serious internal defects such as recast layer and irregular microcracks are produced in the inner wall of small holes machined by EDM.However,there are no defects such as remelting layer,intergranular corrosion,heat affected zone and cracks in the inner wall of femtosecond laser processing,forming the inner wall morphology of nano-stripe structure,and the processing quality is good.Under the condition of fixed spot shape and wavelength,the optimal drilling quality of nickel-based superalloy plate with 1 mm thickness can be obtained when the laser power is 14 W and the single-layer feed rate is 15μm.

关 键 词：镍基高温合金 飞秒激光加工 电火花加工 气膜孔 表面质量 激光打孔 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]