砂仁的化学成分、药理作用、质量控制现状及其质量标志物的预测分析  

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents,Pharmacological Effects,Current Status of Quality Control,and Predictive Analysis of Quality Markers of Amomi Fructus

作　　者：谢海生 张媛鑫 王连睿 苗明三[1] XIE Haisheng;ZHANG Yuanxin;WANG Lianrui;MIAO Mingsan(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,郑州450046

出　　处：《世界中医药》2025年第2期336-343,共8页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心项目(豫科技〔2023〕175号);河南省重大专项(221100310400);河南省国际合作重点项目(231111521200);岐黄学者项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕6号)。

摘　　要：砂仁是我国“四大南药”之一,具有芳香化湿、行气宽中、温中止呕等功效。现代药理研究表明,砂仁中含有挥发油、黄酮类、多酚类、萜类等多种活性成分,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗溃疡等多种药理作用。根据质量标志物(Q-Marker)概念,从植物亲缘学及化学成分特有性证据、不同产地及采收期、传统功效、传统药性等7个方面对砂仁进行预测分析,推测乙酸龙脑、樟脑、龙脑、柠檬烯、月桂烯、β-丁香烯等成分可作为其Q-Marker,以期为砂仁的质量标准建立和完善提供参考。Amomi Fructus is one of China′s“four great southern medicinal herbs”and is known for its effects of resolving dampness by aromatics,promoting qi circulation to smooth the middle,and warming the middle to stop vomiting.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Amomi Fructus contains various active components,including essential oils,flavonoids,polyphenols,and terpenes,which possess multiple pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and anti-ulcer properties.Based on the concept of quality marker(Q-Marker),a predictive analysis of Amomi Fructus is conducted from seven aspects,including plant taxonomy,chemical composition specificity,geographical origin,harvest time,traditional effects,and medicinal properties.The study suggests that compounds such as borneol acetate,camphor,borneol,limonene,myrcene,andβ-caryophyllene could serve as potential Q-Markers,providing valuable references for the establishment and improvement of quality standards for Amomi Fructus.

关 键 词：砂仁 化学成分 药理作用 质量控制 质量标志物 挥发性成分 药性 功效 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]