深圳市医院护士执业环境现状及结果分析  

Analysis of the Current Status and Results of Nurses'Practice Environment in Hospitals of Shenzhen

作　　者：陈雅静 谭晓青 李冬敏 宋意[4] 赖文娟[5] 谢焕梅 CHEN Yajing;TAN Xiaoqing;LI Dongmin;SONG Yi;LAI Wenjuan;XIE Huanmei(Department of Paediatrics,Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000,China;Department of Neurology,Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000,China;Department of Nursing,Shenzhen Sami Medical Center,Shenzhen Guangdong 518118,China;Department of Burns,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital,Shenzhen Guangdong 518035,China;Department of Nursing,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen Guangdong 518036,China;Department of Neurology,Shenzhen University General Hospital,Shenzhen Guangdong 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学深圳医院儿科,广东深圳518000 [2]南方医科大学深圳医院神经内科,广东深圳518000 [3]深圳市萨米医疗中心护理部,广东深圳518118 [4]深圳市第二人民医院烧伤科,广东深圳518035 [5]北京大学深圳医院护理部,广东深圳518036 [6]深圳大学总医院神经内科,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2025年第4期45-50,共6页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市医院护士执业环境现状,为改善深圳市护士执业环境提供依据。方法采取便利抽样于2021年1—10月选取深圳市5家综合医院,其中2家为建院时间≥5年的三级甲等综合医院,3家建院时间<5年,均以三级甲等为目标进行医院建设。用《护士执业环境测评量表》对5家医院1162名护士进行线上调查护士执业环境。结果1162名护士执业环境的总得分为(71.26±19.34)分。其中医院有清晰的护士职业暴露后支持系统、医院管理部门期望各护理单元为患者提供高标准的护理服务、工作团队中的护士能够胜任护理工作得分较高;护士有机会参与医院内部管理决策、护士有机会参与医院内部管理得分较低。建院时间<5年“在护士长是1名优秀的管理者和领导者”“科室的医生和护士关系融洽”“工作时有可遵循的标准的规章与流程”“护理管理者支持护士的正确决策”“护理单元护士配置满足临床护理工作需要”“工作团队中的护士能够胜任护理工作”“现有的工作时长与强度合适”“护士排班能够体现能级搭配”“护理管理者会与护士商讨日常的工作问题”条目中的得分均低于建院时间≥5年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深圳市医院护士执业环境有待改善,应不仅重视护士参与医院管理决策、薪酬制度等全国护理执业环境共存问题,还应重点关注新医院在人力配置、质量管理、领导与沟通、内部支持等方面的不足。医院管理者可充分利用深圳创新型城市优势帮助执业环境建设。Objective To understand the current situation of nurses'practice environment in Shenzhen hospitals and provide basis for improving the practice environment of nurses in Shenzhen.Methods From January to October 2021,5 general hospitals in Shenzhen were selected by convenience sampling,of which 2 were GradeⅢand Grade A general hospitals with construction time≥5 years,and 3 were GradeⅢand Grade A general hospitals with construction time<5 years,all of which were targeted for hospital construction.The nurse practice environment of 1162 nurses in 5 hospitals was investigated online by using the Nurse Practice Environment Assessment Scale.Results The total score of 1162 nurses'practice environment was(71.26±19.34)points.Among them,the hospital has a clear support system for nurses after occupational exposure,the hospital management department expects each nursing unit to provide high-standard nursing services for patients,and the nurses in the work team were competent for nursing work with high scores.The opportunity for nurses to participate in the internal management decisionmaking of the hospital,the opportunity for nurses to participate in the internal management of the hospital scored low.For hospitals with an establishment period of<5 years,scores were lower than those with an establishment period of≥5 years or more in the following aspects:"the head nurse being an excellent manager and leader""harmonious relationships between doctors and nurses in the department""having standard rules and procedures to follow at work""nursing managers supporting nurses'correct decisionmaking""adequate nurse staffing in nursing units to meet clinical care needs""nurses in the work team being competent in nursing work""appropriate existing work hours and intensity""nurse scheduling reflecting skill-level matching"and"nursing managers discussing daily work issues with nurses",the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The practice environment of nurses in Shenzhen hospitals needs to be improved,we sh

关 键 词：护士 执业环境 年轻医院 三甲医院 护理管理 护理工作 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]