法国耶稣会士傅圣泽收藏中国传统典籍新探  

A New Study on the Collection of Traditional Chinese Books by the French Jesuit Jean-Fran?ois Foucquet

作　　者：谢辉 XIE Hui

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学国际中国文化研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期151-160,共10页Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Social Science)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“十六至十八世纪汉籍在西欧的流布”(2024JJ028)。

摘　　要：1720年傅圣泽离开北京时,其收藏的中国传统典籍约为307部,离京时遗失一部分,在广东等候返回欧洲时又补充购买了约60部,最后带回欧洲者约为331部,为18世纪初欧洲最大一宗中国典籍专藏。从四部分类法的角度来看,傅氏藏品以经部文献最为丰富,覆盖了全部二级分类,其中又以易类和小学类著作数量较多。子部次之,儒、道二家之书为多,类书、丛书也值得注意。史部和集部文献则较为薄弱,但也包含有十七史、《资治通鉴》《楚辞》等基本典籍。总体而言,呈现出重儒学、重经典的特色,并体现出傅氏对易学和道家研究的浓厚兴趣。其收藏中有少量的清代内府刻本,可能是得之于宫廷,但大部分应为从书坊购买。其中并无宋元旧刻,均为明中期以后之本,按时代可分为明刻明印、明刻清印和清初刻本三部分。坊刻俗本较少,而不乏明清精刻,还包含有一些稀见之本和名家旧藏。In 1720,when Jean-Fran?ois Foucquet left Beijing,his collection of traditional Chinese books consisted of approximately 307 volumes.Some were lost when he left the capital,but while waiting in Guangdong to return to Europe,he purchased around 60 additional volumes.He eventually brought about 331 volumes back to Europe,making it the largest collection of Chinese books in early 18th-century Europe.From the perspective of the traditional Chinese Four Divisions(Sibu)classification system,Foucquet's collection was richest in works from the Classics(Jing),covering all secondary categories within this division.Among these,texts related to the I Ching(Book of Changes)and philological studies(Xiaoxue)were especially numerous.The second most abundant division was the Philosophers(Zi),with many works from Confucianism and Daoism,while encyclopedias and collected works also deserve attention.Historical(Shi)and literary works(Ji)were less represented,but still included essential texts such as the Shi Qi Shi,Zizhi Tongjian,and the Chu Ci.Overall,the collection reflected a strong focus on Confucianism and classical studies,along with Foucquet's keen interest in I Ching and Daoist studies.The collection included a small number of Qing dynasty imperial editions,likely obtained from the palace,but the majority were probably purchased from bookstores.There were no Song or Yuan dynasty editions;all were printed from the mid-Ming period onward.These can be classified into three groups by period:Ming editions printed during the Ming,Ming editions reprinted during the Qing,and early Qing editions.The collection contained few commonplace popular editions but included many finely printed Ming and Qing editions,some rare works,and volumes from prestigious collections.

关 键 词：傅圣泽 梵蒂冈图书馆 英国国家图书馆 法国汉学 

分 类 号：G255.1[文化科学—图书馆学]