基于土地利用的乡村尺度碳排放:核算方法与微观实证  

Carbon emissions in rural areas based on land use types:Estimation methods and micro-empirical evidence

作　　者：毛戈平 孟婷[1] 王娜 李想[3] MAO Geping;MENG Ting;WANG Na;LI Xiang(College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University/Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy/Beijing Food Safety Policy&Strategy Research Base,Beijing 100083,China;College of Marxism,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Information and Electrical Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院/全球食物经济与政策研究院/北京食品安全政策与战略研究基地,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学马克思主义学院,北京100083 [3]中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报(中英文)》2025年第4期619-631,共13页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72103188,72333003);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(72061147002)资助。

摘　　要：促进农业农村绿色发展是推进乡村振兴和应对气候变化挑战的重要路径,乡村碳核算是推动农村减排固碳与高质量发展的重要基础。本文基于耕地、林地、养殖场、水域、居民点和其他土地利用类型,全面考虑乡村生产与生活多个子类别,详细构建乡村尺度碳核算清单,系统梳理核算方法。此外,以重庆市巴南区自力村为例,结合地域特征选取排放系数,对乡村场景下碳排放和碳吸收进行核算,并提出乡村减碳对策。研究表明:1)该碳核算清单与核算方法可以根据核算结果横向比较不同类别碳源与碳汇,具有实操性与普适性。2)乡村中耕地、养殖场和居民点等为主要碳源,其中居民点是最主要的碳排放土地利用类型;林地和水域为碳汇,林地在碳吸收中占据主导地位。3)土地利用类型综合的乡村具有很强的碳汇潜力,以重庆市自力村为例,2023年该村综合年碳汇为3722.153 t。根据核算方法与乡村尺度碳排放现状,本研究从丰富乡村碳核算数据库、巩固森林碳汇与助力耕地和居民点升级减排以及促进地类间协调耦合3个方面,提出微观乡村尺度低碳实现路径。Promoting green development of agricultural and rural areas is crucial for advancing rural revitalization and addressing climate change challenges.Given that the countryside serves as a fundamental unit of agricultural production and living activities,rural carbon accounting has become a vital foundation for promoting rural emission reduction,carbon sequestration,and high-quality development.First,the paper reconstructed a rural-scale carbon accounting inventory based on six major land-use types:arable land,forest land,livestock farm,waters,settlement,and other land use types,and comprehensively incorporated and meticulously exa-mined multiple subcategories of rural production and life.The accounting methods and specific formulas for each carbon source and sink under the first to third inventory levels were systematically sorted.This accounting method covered a wide range of categories,fully considered the complexity and unity of the rural system,and enabled a horizontal comparison of carbon sources and sinks in rural carbon accounting.Then,taking Zili Village in the Banan District of Chongqing City as a typical case study,we selected the emission coefficients in line with the regional characteristics,combined the field research data with some statistical yearbook data,and carried out an accounting and detailed analysis of carbon emissions and carbon sequestration in rural scenarios.The case study provides micro research support for rural carbon accounting,and is of great significance at the policy level for precise policymaking and the demonstration and popularization of rural carbon accounting methods.The study showed that 1)based on detailed accounting results,the carbon accounting list and the accounting method proposed in this paper could calculate the specific values of carbon sources and sinks of different categories and made horizontal comparisons based on the accounting results,which was practical and universally applicable.2)Arable land,livestock farm,settlement,and other land use types were the main so

关 键 词：乡村碳排放 乡村碳汇 土地利用类型 乡村碳中和 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]