红松种源遗传多样性评价和育种群体构建  

Genetic diversity evaluation and breeding population construction of Pinus koraiensis provenance

作　　者：尚福强 马晓雨 高源 张利民 张丽艳 SHANG Fuqiang;MA Xiaoyu;GAO Yuan;ZHANG Limin;ZHANG Liyan(Liaoning Institute of Forest Management,Dandong,Liaoning 118000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省森林经营研究所,辽宁丹东118000

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2025年第3期273-282,共10页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：辽宁省重点研发计划项目“红松优良种质资源收集与利用研究”(2020JH2/10200020);辽宁省农业科学院学科绩效后补助项目“基于种实性状和分子标记的红松群体遗传多样性研究”(2023-HBZ-1010);辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目“基于SSR标记的红松种子园无性系遗传多样性分析及分子身份证构建”(2024QN1817)。

摘　　要：为满足红松种质资源评价、发掘与利用的需求,以辽宁、吉林以及黑龙江的12个红松种源为研究对象,采用形态学和分子标记相结合的方法对红松种源进行遗传多样性分析以及育种群体构建,探究不同种源红松形态和分子的遗传多样性分化。结果表明:遗传变异主要来源于种源内,形态和分子变异分别占总变异的67.36%和94.00%;种源间各生长性状的变异系数为14.77%~28.55%;红松种源整体上表现出较高的遗传多样性,Shannon指数为0.665,其中伊春种源(31号)的遗传多样性水平最高,多样性指数和Shannon指数分别为1.65和0.739。基于表型和分子标记,构建了38个单株组成的红松育种群体,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.989,Shannon指数为0.921,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.921,具有一定的代表性。Pinus koraiensis is one of the most important and valuable tree species in northeast China.To meet the needs of evaluation,excavation,and utilization of Pinus koraiensis germplasm resources,this study employed morphological and molecular methods to investigate the genetic diversity and construct a breeding population of Pinus koraiensis from 12 different provenances in Liaoning,Jilin,and Heilongjiang.The results are expected to reveal the morphological and molecular genetic differentiation of this plant.The results showed that the genetic variations were mainly within provenances,with morphological and molecular variations accounting for 67.36%and 94.00%of the total variation,respectively.The coefficients of variation of various growth traits among different provenances ranged from 14.77%to 28.55%.The overall genetic diversity was high,with a Shannon index of 0.665.Yichun provenance(No.31)had high genetic diversity,with the diversity index and Shannon index being 1.65 and 0.739,respectively.A breeding population was constructed based on molecular and phenotypic markers,consisting of 38 plants.The effective allele(Ne),Shannon index,and observed heterozygosity(Ho)of this population were 1.989,0.921,and 0.921,respectively,which demonstrated that the population had certain representativeness.

关 键 词：红松 生长性状 简单重复序列 遗传多样性 育种群体 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]