中共对于国民党军事统帅部改组的因应(1944—1946)  

The CPC’s Response to the Reorganization of the Nationalists’Military High Command(1944-1946)

作　　者：王涵 Wang Han

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2025年第1期86-97,共12页CPC History Studies

基　　金：“国家资助博士后研究人员计划”(GZC2023078)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：抗战时期,围绕国民党军事统帅部改组的争论是国共两党政治斗争的焦点之一。中共认为,军委会对于抗战局势恶化难辞其咎,必须改组,并成立联合统帅部。国民党则反复强调军令统一,拒绝对一党包办的军委会进行改组。抗战胜利后,中共联合各党派要求成立民主的、统一的国防部,并推动其载入政协决议。国防部方案与联合统帅部只是名称稍有差异,精神实质则一以贯之。但是,蒋介石推翻政协决议,单方面改组军委会,成立一党国防部,使关于军事统帅部改组的协商谈判彻底破裂。During the Anti-Japanese War,debates over the reorganization of the Nationalists’military high command emerged as one of the focal points in the political struggle between the CPC and the KMT.The CPC argued that the National Military Council bore direct responsibility for the deteriorating situation and demanded its replacement with a supreme joint command.The KMT,however,insisted on maintaining“unified military authority”and it rejected any restructuring of its one-party monopoly over the National Military Council.Following Japan’s surrender,the CPC formed alliances with the democratic factions to push for a democratic,unified Ministry of National Defense,enshrining this demand in a resolution of the 1946 Political Consultative Conference.However,the proposed ministry differed only nominally from the concept in the earlier“supreme joint command”and both frameworks shared the same core principles.Chiang Kai-shek abrogated the Political Consultative Conference resolution,unilaterally restructured the National Military Council,and established a Ministry of National Defense controlled by the KMT.This led to a complete rupture in the negotiations on the reorganization of the Nationalists’military high command.

关 键 词：联合统帅部 国防部 毛泽东 蒋介石 国共关系 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学] E295[历史地理—中国史]