基于粒子群算法的空间碎片观测资源优化调度研究  

Research on optimal scheduling of space debris observation resources based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

作　　者：李安迪 胡敏 王一珺 LI Andi;HU Min;WANG Yijun(Department of Aerospace Science and Technology,Space Engineering University,Beijing 101416,China)

机构地区：[1]航天工程大学宇航科学与技术系,北京101416

出　　处：《空天预警研究学报》2025年第2期102-108,共7页JOURNAL OF AIR & SPACE EARLY WARNING RESEARCH

摘　　要：针对目前空间碎片观测过程存在的观测资源较少、目标碎片较多、观测约束复杂、求解空间过大等问题,提出了一种基于粒子群(PSO)算法的空间碎片观测调度模型,将基本时间段作为调度的单元编码成粒子维度,以生成观测方案.针对不同观测设备,从观测碎片数量、设备负载均衡、观测优先级三个方面设计了目标函数,提出了单个设备对碎片的观测时间尽量长、碎片需要被不同种类的设备观测、碎片观测弧段数量尽可能少、设备视场或波束固定指向目标四种调度规则.最后,设置了雷达和光学2个设备以及30个随机碎片的观测场景,检验了模型的调度能力.仿真结果表明,本文观测调度模型是可行的;93.3%的碎片都被雷达和光学至少各观测一次,且有96.7%的碎片观测时长达到30min以上.A scheduling model for space debris observation based on particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is proposed to solve the problem in the current space debris observation process,such as fewer observation resources,more target debris,complex observation constraints,and an excessively large solution space.The basic time interval is adopted as the scheduling unit and encoded into the particle dimension to generate the observation schemes.For different observation equipment,the objective function is designed from three aspects:the number of debris being observed,the load balancing of the equipment,and the observation priority.Four scheduling rules are presented:maximize the observation time of a single piece of equipment for debris,ensure that debris are observed by different types of equipment,minimize the number of debris observation arcs,and keep the field of view or beam of the equipment fixedly directed at the target.Finally,an observation scenario involving a set of radar,an optical device and 30 pieces of randomly generated debris is set up to test the scheduling capability of the model.The simulation results indicate that the observation scheduling model presented in this paper is viable,that 93.3%of the debris are observed at least once by both the radar and the optical device,and that 96.7%of the debris have an observation duration of more than 30 minutes.

关 键 词：空间碎片观测 空间监视雷达 资源调度 粒子群算法 

分 类 号：TN958[电子电信—信号与信息处理] V528[电子电信—信息与通信工程]