金代医家宋云公《伤寒类证》学术思想探析  

Discussion on the Academic Thought of Physician SONG Yungong’s Shanghan Leizheng in Jin Dynasty

作　　者：张艺 杨凤 陶晓华 ZHANG Yi;YANG Feng;TAO Xiaohua(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing(100029),China;Institute of Chinese Medical Literature,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;Institute of Information on Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学中医文献研究院 [3]中国中医科学院中医药信息研究所

出　　处：《浙江中医药大学学报》2025年第3期285-291,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019 YFC 1709200、2019 YFC 1709201);北京中医药大学基本科研业务费“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022-JYB-JBZR-010);北京中医药大学校级纵向科研发展基金项目(2024-ZXFZJJ-003)。

摘　　要：[目的]对金代医家宋云公所著《伤寒类证》进行简考并深入挖掘其学术思想,以期为临证应用提供参考。[方法]以《伤寒类证》50门内容为研究对象,同时结合《伤寒论》条文,采用文献研究方法对该书的学术思想特色进行系统整理。[结果]《伤寒类证》是金代医家宋云公编著的《伤寒论》发挥类著作,全书共三卷,分为50门、484法,采用子目方式对《伤寒论》进行研究并以表格形式刊刻,内容精练,格式新颖。该书的学术思想主要体现在六方面,即以症类证,重视对发热与自汗二证的归纳、鉴别;抓主证,融合类证、类证兼主症、主症三个层面,既重视相似主症的细微鉴别,又强调相同主症下不同兼证、脉证对确诊疾病的重要作用;方证相应,有是证,用是方,无是证,去是药;同病异治与异病同治,依据主症与兼证、脉证所反映的病机相同与否,决定是否使用相同方剂;道医结合,习医兼以立志、格物、拜师而后入医之门户;遵奉经典,承袭《素问·热论》观点,以此为全书理论支撑。[结论]《伤寒类证》开后世以图表形式研究《伤寒论》之先河,具有开拓意义与创新精神,在仲景“病-脉-证-治”辨治体系基础上,拓展为“病-证-主症-兼证-脉-治”,学术特色鲜明,具有广泛临床价值。[ObjectiveObjective]To briefly examine the work Shanghan Leizheng by SONG Yungong,a medical scholar in Jin Dynasty,and deeply explore his academic thoughts,with the aim of providing references for clinical practice.[MethodsMethods]Taking the 50 chapters of Shanghan Lei Zheng as the research subjects,while also integrating the articles from Treatise on Febrile Diseases,this study systematically organizes the academic thought characteristics of the book by using literature research methods.[ResultsResults]Shanghan Leizheng was a kind of exerting works of Treatise on Febrile Diseases edited by SONG Yungong,a doctor in Jin Dynasty.The book consisted of three volumes,divided into 50 categories,484 methods,using sub-items of the Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases research and was printed in the form of tables,with concise,novel format.The academic thoughts of the book were mainly embodied in four aspects:Syndrome was classified by symptoms,attention should be paid to the induction and differentiation of fever and self-sweating syndrome;Master the main syndrome,integrate three levels of syndrome,syndrome and main symptoms,main syndrome,not only pay attention to the subtle differentiation of the similar main symptoms,but also emphasize the important role of different concurrent and pulse syndromes in the diagnosis of the same main symptoms;Prescription corresponding to syndrome,what kind of syndrome with what kind of prescription,no corresponding syndrome,remove the corresponding Chinese medicine;Different treatments for the same disease and different diseases with the same treatment,according to the main symptoms and concurrent syndromes,pulse syndromes reflect the pathogenesis of the same or not,decide whether to use the same prescription;The combination of Taoism and medicine,practicing medicine and with determination,investigating things,worship teachers and then enter the portal of medicine;Adhering to the classics and inheriting the viewpoints of Plain Questions:Heat Syndrome,which served as the theoretical support o

关 键 词：《伤寒类证》 以症类证 抓主证 方证相应 同病异治 异病同治 学术思想 辨治体系 

分 类 号：R221[医药卫生—中医基础理论]