亲社会行为代际传递理论模型建构及意义  

Construction of the Theoretical Model of Intergenerational Transmission of Prosocial Behaviors and Its Significance

作　　者：刘倩文 王振宏[1] Liu Qianwen;Wang Zhenhong(School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health,Xi'an,710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,陕西(高校)哲学社会科学重点研究基地-儿童青少年心理与行为健康研究中心,西安710062

出　　处：《心理科学》2025年第2期406-413,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271113);陕西师范大学研究生领航人才培养项目(LHRCYB23008)的资助。

摘　　要：代际传递是指父母的特征、观念与行为等传递给子女的现象。代际传递有基因、文化或社会化以及基因与环境交互作用传递的路径。亲社会行为代际传递模型提出,亲社会行为的代际传递一方面表现为父母与子女共享的亲社会基因基础,另一方面则表现为父母亲社会特征会直接影响子女的亲社会行为,或通过影响父母教养方式等养育环境进而影响子女的认知与情感发展间接作用于子女的亲社会行为。同时,子女的环境敏感性特征在这一代际传递过程中起着重要的调节作用。亲社会行为代际传递模型为未来亲社会行为代际传递研究提供了理论框架和方法启示,对于揭示亲社会行为代际传递的时序动态过程机制具有重要意义。Intergenerational transmission refers to the intergenerational continuity of behaviors and characteristics between parents and children,including genetic transmission,socialization transmission,and the interactions of genes and environments.That is,there is a significant correlation between the characteristics of parents and the corresponding characteristics of children,and the parental characteristics have a predictive effect on the corresponding characteristics of children.Prosocial behaviors are considered voluntary actions performed to benefit others,such as helping,sharing,and comforting.Previous studies have well-established that prosocial behaviors can facilitate the positive development of children,including increased peer acceptance,reduced problem behaviors,better school performance,and more adaptive social functioning.The development of prosocial behaviors would be influenced by various individual and environmental factors and their interactions,as well as parental genes and parental prosocial behaviors,which represent the intergenerational transmission effect.However,the transmission of prosocial behaviors across generations and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully investigated.Based on previous theoretical and empirical evidence,the intergenerational transmission model of prosocial behaviors was proposed.The developmental cascade model,proximal process theory,and relational developmental systems proposed that child development is a dynamic and cascading process that changes over time.The intergenerational transmission model of prosocial behavior development also adheres to this view,proposing that the intergenerational transmission or intergenerational impact of prosocial behaviors is a dynamic cascade process of various individual factors and environmental factors and their interaction over time.First,the expression of prosocial genes obtained by children from their parents is the basis of genetic transmission of prosocial behaviors.Second,parental prosocial characteristics and behaviors wo

关 键 词：亲社会行为 代际传递 时序动态过程 理论模型 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]