龟鳖目表皮分化复合体基因的比较基因组学鉴定与分析  

COMPARATIVE GENOMIC IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSES OF EPIDERMAL DIFFERENTIATION COMPLEX GENES IN TURTLES

作　　者：陈孟饶 李芳 陈其然 黄保友 孙伟[1,2] 钱国英[1,2] 葛楚天[1,2] 王宗吉[1,2] CHEN Meng-Rao;LI Fang;CHEN Qi-Ran;HUANG Bao-You;SUN Wei;QIAN Guo-Ying;GE Chu-Tian;WANG Zong-Ji(Institute of Animal Sex and Development,Zhejiang Wanli University,Ningbo 315100,China;College of Biological and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Wanli University,Ningbo 315100,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院动物性别与发育重点研究所,宁波315100 [2]浙江万里学院生物与环境学院,宁波315100

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第5期102-120,共19页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32102772);宁波市自然科学基金(2023J043);浙江省高校基础科研经费项目;2022年浙江省“生物工程”一流学科(ZS2022008)资助。

摘　　要：发掘龟鳖表皮分化复合体(Epidermal Differentiation Complex,EDC)基因的序列特征和进化有助于解析其甲壳表皮特征的遗传基础和演化历史。文章对28个龟鳖的EDC基因进行了比较基因组学鉴定,染色体定位、氨基酸含量、结构域、蛋白空间结构分析和演化历史的重塑。研究结果表明龟鳖EDC基因具有和其他爬行动物相同的四类基因家族,其中简单表皮复合体(Simple epidermal differentiation complex,SEDC)基因家族成员通过多次串联重复事件,实现基因扩张。龟鳖SEDC蛋白氨基酸组成高度多样化,SEDC和S100融合蛋白(S100-fused type proteins,SFTP)蛋白氨基酸含量存在类群(硬壳、软壳、棱皮)特异性,这支持了龟鳖甲壳表皮结构的多样性。龟鳖S100钙结合蛋白A(S100 calcium binding protein A,S100A)和SFTP功能域和蛋白空间结构高度保守,仅肽聚糖识别蛋白(Peptidolycan recognition protein3,PGLYRP3)的motif3存在鳖科特异性丢失。龟鳖特有的含有脯氨酸、半胱氨酸和缬氨酸的表皮分化蛋白(Epidermal Differentiation protein rich in Proline,Cysteine and Valine,EDPCV)来源于富含脯氨酸的表皮分化蛋白(Epidermal differentiation protein rich in proline 1,EDP1),富含半胱氨酸和缬氨酸,通过串联复制实现基因扩张。研究为进一步研究EDPCV在龟鳖中的作用提供了数据基础和理论依据。The epidermal differentiation complex(EDC)is a cluster of genes highly associated with keratinocytes differentiation and epidermal keratinization.This gene cluster plays an important role in the differentiation of epidermal tissues in amniotes,the formation of various skin appendages,and the keratinization process.Therefore,exploring the sequence characteristics and evolution of EDC genes in turtles can help elucidate the genetic basis and evolutionary history of their shell epidermis traits.Currently,there is a lack of systematic comparative analysis of the sequence characteristics and evolutionary levels of EDC genes across different turtle groups.This study performed comparative genomics identification of EDC in 28 turtles,including chromosomal localization,amino acid composition,domain analysis,protein spatial structure analysis,and the reconstruction of evolutionary history.The EDC genes in turtles exhibit the same four gene families found in other reptiles,with members of the SEDC gene family expanding through multiple tandem repeat events.The amino acid composition of turtle SEDC proteins is highly diverse,with SEDC and SFTP protein amino acid content showing group-specific characteristics(hard-shelled,soft-shelled,leatherback),which supports the diversity of shell epidermal structures in turtles.The functional domains and protein spatial structures of S100A and SFTP are highly conserved across turtle species,with motif 3 of PGLYRP3 showing a loss specific to the family Trionychidae.The turtle-specific EDPCV originates from EDP1,and mutations have enriched cysteine and valine,facilitating gene expansion through tandem duplication.This study provides a data foundation and theoretical basis for further research on the role of EDPCV in turtles.

关 键 词：表皮分化复合体 氨基酸组成 基因扩张 EDPCV基因 龟鳖 

分 类 号：Q344.1[生物学—遗传学]