基于动态流量分配的非机动车道决策优化模型  

Optimization Model for Non Motorized Lane Decision-Making Based on Dynamic Flow Allocation

作　　者：曹弋 王宝昌 罗翼飞 CAO Yi;WANG Baochang;LUO Yifei(School of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2025年第2期36-42,51,共8页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：2023年度辽宁省研究生教育教学改革研究项目(LNYJG2023138);辽宁省属本科高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LJ212410150048)。

摘　　要：为了适应非机动车出行需求的空间分布不均匀性,在充分利用现有道路资源的条件下,研究非机动车道的决策优化模型与算法。考虑非机动车道设置条件和对机动车与行人交通的影响,拟定不设置、占用机动车道划线设置和拓宽道路并划线设置3种建设模式,定义不同建设模式的决策变量,作为优化变量。借鉴经典多路径-容量限制交通分配模型,在每次更新路网方案后,均动态分配非机动车流量。定义不同建设模式的机动车、非机动车与行人阻抗函数,以此度量不同条件、不同对象的出行成本。引人时间价值转换系数,以最小化出行成本与建设成本之和为优化目标,建立目标函数。考虑路段饱和度、建设率等因素,建立相应的约束条件。设计并使用遗传算法来求解该优化模型。开展案例研究,分别采用遗传算法和枚举算法求解优化模型,得到区域路网的非机动车道建设方案,对比分析算法求解效能与优化前后的成本差异。案例结果表明:该模型与算法能够用较少的迭代次数与时间得到近似最优解,误差为3.1%;与优化前相比,非机动车道建设成本增加了90.08万元,出行成本降低了47.53%,总成本降低了33.34%。研究表明,非机动车道决策优化模型基于系统最优原理构建,能够在不过分增加非机动车道建设成本的前提下,大幅降低出行成本,最大限度地适应不同路段的非机动车需求。To adapt to the spatial distribution of non-motorized vehicle travel demand,and under the condition of making full use of existing road resources,the decision optimization model and algorithm of non-motorized vehicle lane are studied.The setting conditions of the non-motorized vehicle lane and the impact on motorized vehicle and pedestrian traffic are considered.Three construction modes are proposed,namely no setting,occupying the motorized vehicle lane and widening the road and setting.The decision variables of different construction modes are defined as optimization variables.Referring to the classical multi-path-capacity constraint traffic allocation model,non-motorized vehicle traffic flow is dynamically allocated after each update of the road network scheme.The impedance functions of motorized vehicle,non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians are defined in different construction modes to measure the travel cost of different objects under different conditions.The time value conversion coefficient is introduced,and the objective function is established with the optimization goal of minimizing the sum of travel costs and construction costs.The corresponding constraint conditions are established by considering the factors such as road saturation and construction rate.The genetic algorithm is designed and used to solve the optimization model.A case study is carried out,and the genetic algorithm and enumeration algorithm are respectively used to solve the optimization model and get the construction scheme of non-motorized vehicle lanes in the regional road network.The algorithm-solving efficiency and the cost difference before and after optimization are compared and analyzed.The case results show that the model and algorithm can get the approximate optimal solution with an error of 3.3%after fewer iterations and time.Compared with before optimization,the construction cost of non-motorized roads increased by 900,800 yuan,the travel cost decreased by 47.53%,and the total cost decreased by 34.97%.The research shows tha

关 键 词：非机动车道 城市交通 遗传算法 全局优化 交通阻抗 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]