法体系中的刑法  

The Status of Criminal Law in the Legal System

作　　者：陈景辉 Chen Jinghui

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《法律科学(西北政法大学学报)》2025年第2期31-46,共16页Science of Law:Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：中国人民大学中华法治文明高等研究院项目成果。

摘　　要：目前关于刑法在法体系中的地位,学界主要是通过刑法与民法、刑法与行政法的关系来进行表达的,其中的核心想法是:刑法是民法、行政法的后置法,民法、行政法是刑法的前置法。但这个说法存在明显问题,由于它实际上表达的是刑法是所有部门法的后置法、其他所有部门法是刑法的前置法,这无法与宪法之最高法地位匹配。因此,要想理解刑法在法体系中的地位,必须首先确立刑法以自然犯为典范的主张,其次通过自然犯与道德错误的联结,认识到刑法是直接面对道德实践的,其他主要部门法同样是直面道德实践的。于是,法体系并不是按照效力高低排序的线性理论,也不是受到单一价值统辖的法律帝国,而是一个体现多种价值的复杂价值体。At present,the status of criminal law in the legal system is mainly expressed through the relationship between criminal law,civil law,and administrative law.The core idea is that criminal law is the subordinate law of civil law and administrative law,while civil law and administrative law are superordinate laws of criminal law.However,there is an obvious problem with this statement,as it actually expresses the idea that criminal law is the subordinate law to all sectoral laws and that all other sectoral laws are the antecedent law to criminal law,which cannot be matched with the supreme law status of the Constitution.Thus,to understand the place of criminal law in the system of law,it is necessary first to establish the claim that criminal law is modelled on natural crime,and then,through the link between natural crime and moral wrong,to recognise that criminal law is directly oriented towards the practice of morality,and that the other major branches of law are similarly oriented towards the practice of morality.Thus,the system of law is not a linear theory in order of effectiveness,nor is it a legal empire governed by a single value,but rather a complex body of values embodying multiple values.

关 键 词：刑法 法体系 民法 行政法 宪法 

分 类 号：D90-05[政治法律—法学理论]