新冠病毒感染者复阳担忧程度现状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of anxiety and depression status and influencing factors about re-infection of COVID-19 infected people

作　　者：李宏阳 王悦永 罗燕 邹宇华 杨宇彤 秦廷廷 谷明宇 王尧 周立涵 李星明[2] Li Hongyang;Wang Yueyong;Luo Yan;Zou Yuhua;Yang Yutong;Qin Tingting;Gu Mingyu;Wang Yao;Zhou Lihan;Li Xingming(Department of School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510310,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广州510310 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]首都医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《北京医学》2025年第2期138-145,共8页Beijing Medical Journal

基　　金：北京市第三批高层次公共卫生人才项目(学科带头人-03-05)。

摘　　要：目的探讨我国新型冠状病毒(简称新冠)感染者复阳担忧程度现状及其影响因素。方法选取2022年12月至2023年1月新冠感染者3426例,采用在线调查收集其人口学资料、感染后症状、复阳担忧程度及焦虑和抑郁评分,采用单因素分析和有序logistic回归分析新冠感染者复阳担忧程度的影响因素。结果3426例新冠感染者中,男960例、女2466例,年龄15~92岁,平均(41.6±12.6)岁。新冠感染者对复阳担忧程度回答“非常担心或比较担心”的占比为63.6%(2179/3426)。PHQ-9和GAD-7总分随新冠感染者对复阳担忧程度的加重而升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有序logistic回归分析结果显示,GAD-7总分越高(OR=1.147,95%CI:1.109~1.186,P<0.001)、女性(OR=1.336,95%CI:1.138~1.569,P<0.001)、大专文化程度(OR=1.331,95%CI:1.007~1.759,P=0.045)、城镇职工保险(OR=1.773,95%CI:1.070~2.939,P=0.026)的新冠感染者对复阳担忧程度更高,15~<35岁年龄分组(OR=0.341,95%CI:0.123~0.948,P=0.039)、居住地为城市(OR=0.696,95%CI:0.498~0.972,P=0.034)、无咽痛(OR=0.824,95%CI:0.694~0.977,P=0.026)的新冠感染者对复阳担忧程度更低。结论新冠感染者对复阳担忧程度较高,焦虑症状得分、性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地和医疗保险等人口学特征和咽痛症状是其影响因素。建议密切关注特定的新冠感染者焦虑情绪变化情况,并及时给予临床治疗、心理关怀和社会支持。Objective To explore the anxiety and depression status and influencing factors about re-infection of COVID-19 infected people.Methods A total of 3426 COVID-19 infected people from December 2022 to January 2023 were selected,and their demographic data,post-infection symptoms,anxiety and depression information were collected by online survey.The influencing factors of anxiety about re-infection of COVID-19 infected people were analyzed by univariate analysis and ordered logistic regression.Results Among the 3426 COVID-19 infected people,there were 960 males and 2466 females,aged from 15 to 92 years,with an average of(41.6±12.6)years.63.6%(2179/3426)of COVID-19 infected people answered"very worried or relatively worried"about the degree of anxiety about re-infection.The total scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 increased with the aggravation of COVID-19 infected people's worries about re-infection,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that COVID-19 infected people with higher GAD-7 total score(OR=1.147,95%CI:1.109-1.186,P<0.001),female(OR=1.336,95%CI:1.138-1.569,P<0.001),college education(OR=1.331,95%CI:1.007-1.759,P=0.045)and urban employee insurance(OR=1.773,95%CI:1.070-2.939,P=0.026)were more worried about re-infection.COVID-19 infected people aged 15~<35 years(OR=0.341,95%CI:0.123-0.948,P=0.039),who lived in cities(OR=0.696,95%CI:0.498-0.972,P=0.034)and had no sore throat(OR=0.824,95%CI:0.694-0.977,P=0.026)were less worried about re-infection.Conclusions The COVID-19 infected people are worried about re-infection,and the influencing factors are the scores of anxiety symptoms,gender,age,education level,residence and medical insurance,and the symptoms of sore throat.It is recommended to closely monitor anxiety fluctuations in specific COVID-19 survivor populations and provide timely clinical interventions,psychological support and social assistance.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染者 复阳 心理状况 现况调查 

分 类 号：R749.92[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]