海南古八景审美意象和景观特征解析  

Analysis of the Aesthetic Image and Landscape Characteristics of Hainan's Ancient Eight Views

作　　者：肖玉冰 杨定海 陈智健 孟元 袁一哲 胡刘千慧 XIAO Yubing;YANG Dinghai;CHEN Zhijian;MENG Yuan;YUAN Yizhe;HULIU Qianhui

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2025年第4期59-69,共11页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52168002):“三生空间”视角下海南岛传统村落文化地理特征及形成机理研究;2024年度海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(HNSK(ZC)24-156):海南八景演变及其传统思想的当代传承研究;海南省自然科学基金资助项目(725MS067):景观基因视角下海南岛传统村落活态保护及有机更新研究;海南省自然科学基金资助项目(322MS011):风景园林视角下海南岛农业文化遗产空间格局特征及其景观体系研究。

摘　　要：八景是审美视角下的地域景观合集。海南岛古八景区位特殊,留存丰富,在八景文化中具有重要地位。但缺少挖掘,特征不清。从诗词文本数据化视角,对其进行审美认知和景观特征解析。通过系统整理622首海南岛古八景诗词,进行诗词文本语义和空间分析,得出以下结论:(1)海南岛古八景彰显“山岭云烟”“浪迹山踪”“残阳峭壁”“渔舟夕照”“霞光塔影”五大主题;体现了超脱尘世精神空间的远观之境和审美怡情生活空间的近游之趣;形成了滨海壮阔激荡和乡野自然闲适的两类可认知结构景观。(2)海南岛古八景空间分布表现为覆盖全岛,以城镇集聚,依山傍海,沿海分布,北广南聚,东强西弱的空间特征。这一分布格局与海南岛的自然环境、疆域开发和社会经济发展紧密相关。(3)海南岛古八景起源较晚,发展迅速;体系完整、多样并存。彰显了立地域之基,借自然之神,传人文之韵的景观地域特征。The Eight Views represent a collection of regional landscapes from an aesthetic perspective.Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views occupy a special geographical location and have significant records,playing an important role in traditional Chinese culture.However,they have been significantly affected by the passage of time,resulting in poor maintenance.Ruins and poems are available about many of Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views,but they lack protection;therefore,their record-keeping and intelligibility are significantly affected.Among existing information,poems serve as the most abundant and well-preserved reference materials for Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views.By composing poems about the Eight Views,the ancients integrated their cognition of spatial places with their own aesthetics and emotions,recording historical and geographical landscape information.Based on the textual data of poems about Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views and the comprehensive application of text mining and spatial mapping techniques,this study summarizes clusters of landscape themes by analyzing the creative elements,emotional vocabulary,semantic analysis,and spatial locations mentioned in relevant poems.The relationship between the aesthetic themes of Eight Views and their aesthetic spatial layouts was explored thoroughly.Furthermore,the relationship between aesthetic cognition and landscape characteristics was analyzed,facilitating a discussion of the landscape features of Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views.Through the data-based analysis of 622 poems about Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views,some conclusions could be drawn:(1)Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views highlight five major themes:"mountain peaks shrouded in clouds and mist","wanderings amidst mountain traces","sunset over steep cliffs","fishing boats at dusk",and"tower shadows bathed in twilight glow".They embody the detached perspective of a spiritual space beyond the mundane world and the delight of close-range travel in an aesthetic and pleasurable living space.These

关 键 词：海南岛古八景 古诗词 文本挖掘 审美认知 

分 类 号：TU986.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]