13个质量认证草鱼肌肉营养水平分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of muscle nutrition level of grass carp with 13 quality certifications

作　　者：黎玉林 李坚明 江林源 何金钊 文岐莉 韩书煜 黎珊梅 吕丽虹 黄广杰 唐春 覃汉振 曾家家 LI Yulin;LI Jianming;JIANG Linyuan;HE Jinzhao;WEN Qili;HAN Shuyu;LI Shanmei;LYU Lihong;HUANG Guangjie;TANG Chun;QIN Hanzhen;ZENG Jiajia(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Fishery Technology Promotion Station,Nanning,Guangxi 530022;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Fisheries Science Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530021;Lingchuan County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Guilin,Guangxi 541200;Guilin Aquatic Technology Center Promotion Station,Guilin,Guangxi 547100;Guilin Aquatic Technology Center Promotion Station,Guilin,Guangxi 541199;Hechi Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Hechi,Guangxi 547000;Yulin Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Yulin,Guangxi 537000)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区水产技术推广站,广西南宁530022 [2]广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院,广西南宁530021 [3]灵川县农业农村局,广西桂林5412003 [4]贵港市水产技术推广站,广西贵港547100 [5]桂林市水产技术中心推广站,广西桂林541199 [6]河池市水产技术推广站,广西河池547000 [7]玉林市水产技术推广站,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2024年第6期27-37,共11页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：2019年第二批广西农业科技自筹经费项目(Z201974—“广西渔业‘三品一标’产品和品牌建设研究与示范”)。

摘　　要：为撑握质量认证草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)的营养品质水平,委托有资质的检测机构对产自13个广西渔业无公害农产品生产单位的13个质量认证草鱼开展了30项营养检测,结果为:(1)普通营养成分均值(范围)为:能量374.15KJ/100 g(366.14~456.78 KJ/100 g)、蛋白质18.80%(15.0%~21.0%)、脂肪0.8%(0.1%~2.4%)、灰分1.14%(0.78%~1.30%)、膳食纤维0.86%(0.28%~2.35%)和碳水化合物1.29%(0.17%~3.71%);(2)检测的16种氨基酸高低排列前8位均值(范围)为:Glu3.16%(2.74%~3.54%)>Asp1.95%(1.59%~2.36%)>Lys1.85%(1.56%~2.16%)>Leu1.41%(1.18%~1.56%)>Arg1.18%(1.05%~1.30%)>Ala1.09%(0.90%~1.25%)>Val0.88%(0.74%~0.98%)>His0.85%(0.56%~2.17%)。其中ΣEAA/ΣTAA为37.54%~41.11%、ΣEAA/ΣNAA为75.32%~86.47%,符合FAO/WHO理想蛋白标准和全蛋蛋白标准;6种鲜味氨基酸占ΣTAA为43.91%~51.53%(鲜样),F值为2.28~2.49;AAS为0.85~1.66、CS为0.65~1.50,EAAI为0.78~0.98,表明氨基酸组成均衡、必需氨基酸构成丰富适于人体吸收;(3)检测的6项矿物质均值(范围)为:硒4.14μg/100 g(Tr~21μg/100 g)、锌0.43 mg/100 g(0.22~1 mg/100 g)、铁0.73 mg/100 g(0.31~4.34 mg/100 g),钙22.49 mg/100 g(3.5~54.2 mg/100 g)、镁15.18 mg/100 g(11.4~17.1 mg/100 g)、钠29.34 mg/100 g(18.8~57.6 mg/100 g)。研究表明:13个质量认证草鱼肌肉营养成分丰富、为高蛋白食品,氨基酸组成均衡属优质蛋白源、必需氨基酸构成丰富适于人体吸收,同时富含各种微量矿物质的优质水产品。本研究为地方企业草鱼品牌经营从无公害草鱼品牌升级至更高质量草鱼品牌提供了数据基础。[中国渔业质量与标准,2024,14(06):27-37]In order to support the nutritional quality level of quality certified grass carp,a qualified testing institution was commissioned to conduct 30 nutritional tests on 13 quality certified grass carp produced from 13 Guangxi fishery pollution-free agricultural product production units.The results are(omitted from previous data):(1)The average(range)of ordinary nutritional components is:energy 374.15 KJ/100 g(366.14-456.78),protein 18.80%(15.0%-21.0%),fat 0.8%(0.1%-2.4%),ash content 1.14%(0.78%-1.30%),dietary fiber 0.86%(0.28%-2.35%),and carbohydrates 1.29%(0.17%-3.71%);(2)The average(range)of the top eight amino acids in high and low order detected is:glutamic acid(G1u)3.16%(2.74%-3.54%)>aspartic acid(Asp)1.95%(1.59%-2.36%)>lysine(Lys)1.85%(1.56%-2.16%)>leucine(Leu)1.41%(1.18%-1.56%)>arginine(Arg)1.18%(1.05%-1.30%)>alanine(Ala)1.09%(0.90%-1.25%)>valine(Val)0.88%(0.74%-0.98%)>histidine(His)0.85%(0.56%-2.17%).Among them,the proportion of essential amino acids to total amino acids(EAA/TAA)is 37.54%-41.11%,and the proportion of essential amino acids to non essential amino acids(EAA/NAA)is 75.32%-86.47%,which meets the FAO/WHO ideal protein standard and whole egg protein standard;The six types of umami amino acids account for 43.91%-51.53%of the total amino acids(fresh sample),and the F-value is 2.28-2.49,which is close to the healthy human body value;The amino acid score(AAS)ranges from 0.85 to 1.66,the chemical score(CS)ranges from 0.65 to 1.50,and the essential amino acid index(EAAI)ranges from 0.78 to 0.98,indicating a balanced composition of amino acids and a rich and balanced composition of essential amino acids suitable for human absorption;(3)The average(range)of the 6 minerals detected is:selenium 4.14μg/100 g(Tr-2μg/100 g),zinc 0.43 mg/100 g(0.22-1.00 mg/100 g),iron 0.73 mg/100 g(0.31-4.34 mg/100 g),calcium 22.49 mg/100 g(3.5-54.2 mg/100 g),magnesium 15.18 mg/100 g(11.40-17.10 mg/100 g),sodium 29.34 mg/100 g(18.80-57.60 mg/100 g).Research has shown that 13 quality certified grass carp muscles are rich in nut

关 键 词：渔业 质量认证草鱼 基本成分 氨基酸 矿物质 肌肉营养品质水平 肌肉营养品质评价 

分 类 号：TS254.2[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]