基于激光视觉的搅拌摩擦焊缝表面缺陷检测与控制  

Laser Vision-Based Sensing and Control of Surface Defects in Friction Stir Welding

作　　者：李沫琦 陈书锦[1] 孟令斐 高源 张帅 刘建华 贺鹏 Li Moqi;Chen Shujin;Meng Lingfei;Gao Yuan;Zhang Shuai;Liu Jianhua;He Peng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212100

出　　处：《应用激光》2025年第2期157-167,共11页Applied Laser

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52275339)。

摘　　要：针对搅拌摩擦焊接过程中经常出现的飞边、沟槽等表面缺陷,设计一种基于嵌入式系统的搅拌摩擦焊缝图像处理系统,并进行相关缺陷在线检测及控制。首先,运用GigE工业相机采集激光条带焊缝图像,通过对比度增强、迭代法阈值分割、边缘拟合等方法拟合得到焊缝激光条带的近似多边形,再采用Shi-Tomasi角点检测等方法得到飞边、沟槽缺陷的尺寸,最后,使用模糊PID控制算法对下压量进行在线调节,并进行系统可行性试验验证。结果表明,该方法能够快速准确地检测并消除飞边、沟槽等表面缺陷,满足工业要求。To address surface defects such as flying edges and grooves that commonly occur during friction stir welding,an embedded system for image processing of friction stir welds has been designed.First,GigE industrial cameras and line lasers were used to capture images of the weld seam.Approximate polygons of laser strips were fitted by contrast enhancement,iterative method threshold segmentation,edge fitting,etc.The dimensions of flying edges and grooves were obtained by methods such as Shi-Tomasi corner point inspection.Finally,the fuzzy PID control algorithm was used to regulate the amount of downward pressure,and experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the system.The results showed that the method can quickly and accurately detect and eliminate flying edges and grooves,and is highly adaptable to meet industrial requirements.

关 键 词：搅拌摩擦焊 缺陷检测 图像处理 模糊PID控制算法 

分 类 号：TG409[金属学及工艺—焊接]