种植术后前牙区唇侧骨板厚度对种植体颈部牙槽骨吸收的影响  

Effects of labial bone thickness on alveolar bone resorption at the neck of implants in the anterior region after implantation

作　　者：郭滨 许曼 马江敏 GUO Bin;XU Man;MA Jiangmin(Department of Stomatology,the 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]联勤保障部队第988医院口腔科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《中南医学科学杂志》2025年第2期253-255,259,共4页Medical Science Journal of Central South China

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20220914)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨种植术后前牙区唇侧骨板厚度对种植体颈部牙槽骨吸收的影响。方法 选取上颌前牙缺失患者102例,根据术前唇侧骨板厚度分为≤1 mm组和1~2 mm组各51例。比较两组咬合、感染、骨吸收、角化龈宽度(KGW)及牙周状况。结果 ≤1 mm组垂直骨吸收高于1~2 mm组,水平骨吸收低于1~2 mm组(P<0.05)。T3、T4时,≤1 mm组KGW均小于1~2 mm组(P<0.05)。与T0时比较,T4时两组牙菌斑指数、牙龈指数和龈沟出血指数均明显降低,且1~2 mm组改善更明显(P<0.05)。与T3时比较,T4时≤1 mm组红色美学指数(PES)、白色美学指数(WES)减小(P<0.05)。T4时≤1 mm组PES、WES低于1~2 mm组(P<0.05)。结论 唇侧骨板厚度1~2 mm时,表现出更轻微的垂直骨吸收、更宽的KGW及更理想的牙周状况和美学效果,但水平骨吸收较≤1 mm时更大。Aim To investigate the effects of labial bone thickness on alveolar bone resorption at the neck of implants in the anterior region after implantation.Methods A total of 102 patients with missing maxillary anterior teeth were selected and divided into two groups based on preoperative labial bone thickness,namely the ≤1 mm group(n=51) and the 1~2 mm group(n=51).Occlusion,infection,bone resorption,keratinized gingival width(KGW),and periodontal status were compared between the two groups.Results The vertical bone resorption in the ≤1 mm group was higher than that in the 1~2 mm group,while the horizontal bone resorption was lower(P<0.05).At T3 and T4,the KGW in the ≤1 mm group was significantly smaller than that in the 1~2 mm group(P<0.05).Compared to T0,both groups showed significant reductions in plaque index(PI),gingival index(GI),and sulcus bleeding index(SBI) at T4,with greater improvement in the 1~2 mm group(P<0.05).Compared to T3,the pink esthetic score(PES) and white esthetic score(WES) in the ≤1 mm group decreased at T4(P<0.05).At T4,the PES and WES in the ≤1 mm group were lower than those in the 1~2 mm group(P<0.05).Conclusion When the labial bone thickness is 1~ 2 mm,it exhibits less vertical bone resorption,a wider KGW,and more ideal periodontal conditions and aesthetic outcomes.However,the horizontal bone resorption is greater compared to when the thickness is ≤1 mm.

关 键 词：前牙种植区 唇侧骨板厚度 骨吸收 牙槽嵴 骨缺损 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]