多传感器协同旋转测量管道内腔截面轮廓方法  

Multi-Sensor Cooperative Rotational Measurement of Cross-Sectional Profiles of Free-Form Inner Cavities of Pipes

作　　者：解玉成 孙晓[1] 姚良志 于柳[2] 文比强 XIE Yucheng;SUN Xiao;YAO Liangzhi;YU Liu;WEN Biqiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007,China;Library of Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学机械工程学院,株洲412007 [2]湖南工业大学图书馆,株洲412007 [3]湖南高精特电装备有限公司,株洲412000

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2025年第4期58-65,共8页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：湖南省研究生科研创新项目资助项目(QL20230263);湖南省重点领域研发计划基金资助项目(2022GK2068);湖南省自然科学基金省市联合基金资助项目(2021JJ50053)。

摘　　要：针对军备制造、航空航天与工程机械等领域内管道零件自由曲面内腔截面的高精度测量,通过对被测管道自由曲面内腔形貌进行分析,在激光测量头尺寸及测量精度的约束下,提出了一种基于多激光位移传感器离轴式分布的旋转组合测量方式,构建了管道自由曲面内腔截面轮廓测量数学模型,针对测量得到的散点数据,将小波阈值滤波降噪与鲸鱼优化算法结合起来,提出了一种改进小波阈值滤波降噪方法,通过仿真验证,对比小波阈值滤波降噪数据标准差减小35%左右,极差减小60%左右,同时搭建了管道自由曲面内腔截面轮廓测量实验平台进行实验验证,测量误差绝对值小于20μm。Aiming at the high-precision measurement of the free-form inner cavity section of pipeline parts in the fields of armament manufacturing,aerospace and engineering machinery,by analyzing the free-form inner cavity morphology of the measured pipeline,and under the constraints of the laser measuring head size and the measurement accuracy,a mathematical model for the measurement of the free-form inner cavity section of the pipeline is constructed based on the combination of the off-axis distributed rotary measurement of multi-laser displacement sensors,and the wavelet threshold filter noise reduction method is combined with the whale optimization algorithm through simulation and validation.For the scattered data obtained from the measurement,an improved wavelet threshold filtering noise reduction method is proposed by combining the wavelet threshold filtering noise reduction with the whale optimization algorithm,and the standard deviation of the comparative wavelet threshold filtering noise reduction data is reduced by about 35%,and the extreme deviation is reduced by about 60%through the simulation verification,and at the same time,the experimental platform of pipeline free-form surface inner-cavity cross-sectional profile measurement is constructed for the experiment verification,and the absolute value of the measurement error is less than 20μm.

关 键 词：自由曲面 多激光位移传感器 小波阈值 鲸鱼优化算法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]